病理学英文课件_Chapter_2__repair_of_tissue2.2Regeneration_.pptVIP

Section 1 Regeneration Definition: The surviving healthy cells nearby damage proliferate and move for repair. 1. Type: (1) Complete regeneration: The new tissue is the same with the loss in structure and faction. Commonly in physiological regeneration. Conditions: ① the ability of regeneration of parenchymal tissue is strong. ② damage area is small and the stromal framework of the injured tissue is preservative well. (2) Incomplete regeneration: granulation tissue (stromal or filler elements) proliferate to fill defect, replacement by scar. Commonly in pathological regeneration. Conditions: ① the ability of regeneration of parenchymal tissue is weak. ② damage area is extensive and the stromal framework of the injured tissue is not preservative well. 2. The regenerative capacity types of cells (1) Labile cells: normally a continuous process of active replacement is occurring. The chances of restoration by regeneration are excellent. Examples: the covering epithelium, the bone marrow cells and the lymphoid cells. (2) Stable cells: Although normally the replacement requirements are minimal, they have not lost the capacity to proliferate in response to stimulation. Chances of regeneration remain. Examples: adenocytes of parenchymal viscera (including endocrine); all stromal elements. (3) Permanent cells: Normally are unable to multiply after the growth early in life. Examples: nerve cells, striated and cardiac muscle cells, smooth muscle cells. But peripheral nerve has retained the capacity for regeneration with damage. 3. Regenerative process of tissues (1) Epithelial tissue ① Covering epithelia: Marginal proliferation may result in a perfect restoration. ② Glandular epithelia: Although in many instance the adenocytes of the organ can divide, the end-result is often dependent upon local factors, in particular the integrity of the basement membranes and reticulin scaffold that ar