[合同协议]第2章TCPIP协议.pptVIP

第二章TCP/IP协议栈 TCP/IP 协议族 应用层概述 主机到主机层概述 端口号 TCP 简单确认 TCP 简单确认 TCP 简单确认 TCP 简单确认 TCP 简单确认 TCP 简单确认 TCP 简单确认 滑动窗口 = 1 TCP 窗 口 TCP 窗 口 TCP 窗 口 TCP 窗 口 TCP 窗 口 Internet 层概述 OSI 网络层对应的是TCP/IP的internet层 IP 数据 ARP协议 ARP协议 ARP协议 ARP协议 映射 IP Ethernet Local ARP Layer 3 of 7: Acknowledgment message 2 sent. (Send ACK 2, Receive ACK 2) Layer 4 of 7: Data message 2 sent. (Send 2, Receive 2) Layer 5 of 7: ACK for message 2. (Send ACK 3, Receive ACK 3) Layer 6 of 7: Send 3, Receive 3. Layer 1 of 7: ACK for message 3. (Send ACK 4, Receive ACK 4) This sequence helps to convey the delay associated with a window size of one. Note: TCP acknowledgments are expectational and are sometimes called forward referenced, which means that they refer to the segment they are expecting to receive, not the one just sent. Acknowledgment field sizes can become an issue when transmitting data at FDDI and ATM speeds. Layer 1 of 5: This figure points out the benefit of a larger window size. Layer 1 is in the initial state, no messages being sent. Layer 2 of 5: Layer 2 illustrates how the sending device defines its window buffer as 3 and sends three bytes. Layer 5 of 5: In layer 5, the receiving device acknowledges the 2 bytes and still advertises its window size as 2. Purpose: This figure presents a list of the protocols operating at the Internet layer. Emphasize: Review the protocols briefly. They are covered in detail on the coming pages. Routing protocols are usually considered layer-management protocols that support the network layer. Purpose: This figure explains what is contained in an IP datagram. Emphasize: Discuss the format of the IP datagram. The current generation of IP is version 4. We need the Header Length (HLEN) and the Total Length in this example because the IP Options field allows a variable length. Time-To-Live (TTL) is a countdown field. Every station must decrement this number by one or by the number of seconds it holds onto the packet. When the counter r