美国数学建模竞赛特等奖论文——2001 B O Please Move Quickly and Quietly to the Nearest Freeway【数学建模】.pdfVIP

Please Move Quickly 323 Please Move Quickly and Quietly to the Nearest Freeway Corey R. Houmand Andrew D. Pruett Adam S. Dickey Wake Forest University Winston-Salem, NC Advisor: Miaohua Jiang Introduction We construct a model that expresses total evacuation time for a given route as a function of car density, route length, and number of cars on the route. When supplied values for the last two variables, this function can be minimized to give an optimal car density at which to evacuate. We use this model to compare strategies and find that any evacuation plan must first and foremost develop a method of staggering traffic flow to create a constant and moderate car density. This greatly decreases the evacuation time as well as congestion problems. If an even speedier evacuation is necessary, we found that making I-26 one- way would be effective. Making other routes one-way or placing limits on the type or number of cars prove to be unnecessary or ineffective. We also conclude that other traffic on I-95 would have a negligible impact on the evacuation time, and that shelters built in Columbia would improve evacuation time only if backups were forming on the highways leading away from the city. Prologue As Locke asserted [1690], power is bestowed upon the government by the will of the people, namely to protect their property. A government that cannot provide this, such as South Carolina during an act of God as threatening as Hurricane Floyd and his super-friends, is in serious danger of revolutionary c The UMAP Journal 22 (3) (2001) 323ñ336. Copyright 2001 by COMAP, Inc. All rights reserved. Permission to make digital or hard copies of part or all of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bea