[高校科研学术英文论文写作规范教学课件]戴_3__Materialsamp;Methods.ppt

The greatest invention of the nineteenth century was the invention of the method of invention. —A. N. Whitehead Materials MethodsPatients MethodsSubjects Methods The Methods Section Materials Methods For studies NOT involving “Humans” Patients Methods For studies involving “Patients” Subjects Methods For studies involving “Healthy Volunteers” “The cornerstone of the scientific method requires that your results, to be of scientific merit, must be reproducible; and for the results to be adjudged reproducible, you must provide the basis for repetition of the experiments by others.” —Robert A. Day “If there is serious doubt that your experiments could be repeated, the reviewer will recommend rejection of you manuscript no matter how awe-inspiring your results.” —Robert A. Day The Value of A Well-written Methods Section Format MATERIALS What was used for this study? — manufactured products, i.e. equipment/apparatus, chemical, drug — nonhuman living entities, i.e. animals and microbes — humans, i.e. volunteers, patients PROCEDURES How was the study done? — in the chronological order — in the order of importance ?Materials SPECIFIC vs. GENERAL Include technical specifications Include quantities List sources, e.g. bought?/made?/purified? Include method of preparation, how? Materials (cont’d) SPECIFIC vs. GENERAL Use generic(非专利) or chemical names instead of proprietary names(专利商标名) manufacturer’s name + location (city, U.S. state for U.S. companies; city, country for non-U.S. companies) e.g. Ifex (Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ) e.g. Librium (Roche Products, Manati, Puerto Rico) Materials (cont’d) SPECIFIC vs. GENERAL Identify experimental animals, plants, and microorganisms by genus(属), species(种类)