托福考试议论文写作段落安排三大原则.pdf

新东方托福提供:/kcnet420/ 1 托福考试议论文写作段落安排三大原则 一般来说，一篇议论文必须包含至少两个主体段。每个主体段都必须有明确的主题句 “topic sentence”和若干支持句“supporting sentences”。他们共同组成文章的理由段，对全文的 论点提供理由支持。初学者在练习议论文写作时，必须遵循理由段发展的几个简单原则，这 对迅速完成理由段、构建连贯和理由充分的议论文大有帮助。这几个简单原则包括： 1. Write a topic sentence for each paragraph you plan to write. Each topic sentence should relate to your thesis statementand introduce what the paragraph will be about. Ifyou find that the topics you want to discuss do not support the thesis statement you have written， revise your thesisstatement orreconsideryour topic sentences. (每个主体段都必须有一个明确的主题句) 2. Write ideas that support your topic sentences. The topic sentence for each paragraph tells the readerwhatthe paragraph will be about.The ideasstated in the restofthe paragraph should all relate tothe topic sentence. (支持句必须围绕主题句展开) 根据第2 条的原则，我们来看看下面这个主体段： Hobbiesare important formany reasons.First，ahobby canbe educational.For example，if the hobby is stamp collecting， the person can learn about the countries of the world and even some of their history. Second， engaging in a hobby can lead to meeting other people with the sameinterests.A personcanalsomeet other people bygoing tothe school.Third， a personsfree time is being usedin a positive way.The person hasno time tobe bored orget into mischief while engaged in the hobby. Finally， some hobbies can lead to a future job. A person who enjoys a hobby-related job ismore satisfied with life. 这段话的topic sentence很明显-“Hobbies areimportant formany reasons”，之后的支持句 从三方面阐述hobby的重要性(first， second， third)，但段中这句话A personcan also meet otherpeople by going the school与hobby重要的原因没有关系，因此削弱了整个段落的连贯 性与统一性，应该被去掉。 3.Add details. Towrite a more fully developed paragraph， you need to add details to your supporting ideas.Yourdetails canbe facts， examples， personalexperiences， or descriptions. (需要用多种方式提供细节展开段落) 根据第3 条的原则，我们来看下面这个段落：