古建术语英文翻译1.doc

宫palace,temple 殿hall 厅hal又称“堂” 室room 房house 亭pavilion 台platform 坛altar 楼storied building 阁pavilion 廊colonnade 榭pavilion on terrace 水榭waterside pavilion 轩windowed veranda 民居folk house 四合院courtyard house 寨stockaded village 舫boat house 阙que, watchtower 牌楼pailou, decorated gateway 华表huabiao, ornamental pillar 塔pagoda 硬山flush gable roof 悬山overhanging gable roof 歇山 gable and hip roof 庑殿hip roof 四阿hip roof 卷棚round ridge roof 重檐 double eave roof 攒尖 pyramidal roof 园攒尖 round pavilion roof 大木wooden structure 大式wooden frame with dougong 小式wooden frame without dougong 大木作carpentry work 小木作joinery work 抬梁式构架post and lintel construction 穿斗式构架column and tie construction 井干式构架log cabin construction 檐柱eave column 金柱hypostyle column 内槽柱 hypostyle column唐代术语 内柱hypostyle column 宋代术语 山柱center column 角柱corner column 唐、宋术语 瓜柱short column 脊瓜柱king post 蜀柱king post宋代术语 雷公柱 suspended column帐杆 suspended column 宋代术语 侧脚cejiao宋代术语 卷杀entasis 梭柱shuttle-shaped column 宋代术语角背bracket 由戗 inverted V-shaped brace叉手 chashou, inverted V-shaped brace 宋代术语柁墩 wooden pier 驼峰 tuofeng, camel-hump shaped support 宋代术语梁 beam 袱 beam宋代术语 月梁crescent beam 三架梁3-purlin beam 平梁3-purlin beam 宋代术语 四架梁4-purlin beam 五架梁5-purlin beam 四椽袱5-purlin beam 宋代术语 六架梁6-purlin beam 七架梁7-purlin beam 六椽袱7-purlin beam 宋代术语九架梁 9-purlin beam八椽袱 9-purlin beam 宋代术语单步梁 one-step cross beam双步梁 two-step cross beam挑尖梁 main aisle exposed tiebeam乳袱 rufu, beam tie 宋代术语抱头梁 baotou beam穿插枋 penetrating tie角梁 hip rafer（木行） purlin (used with dougong) 大式檩 purlin (used without dougong) 小式抟 purlin 宋代术语脊（木行） ridged purlin 大式脊檩 ridged purlin 小式脊抟 ridged purlin 宋代术语金（木行） intermediate purlin 大式金檩 intermediate purlin 小式上中平抟 intermediate purlin 宋代术语老檐（木行） purlin on hypostyle 大、小式，宋代术语正心（木行） eave purlin 大式檐檩 eave purlin 小式下平抟 eave purlin 宋代术语额枋 architrave(used with dougong) 大式檐枋 architrave(used with dougong) 小式阑额 architrave 宋代术语 由额垫板 cushion board 大式檐垫板 cushion board 小式枋 tiebeam脊枋ridge tiebeam 上金枋upp