英汉语对比(二)1.pptVIP

Company Logo Synthetic vs. Analytic (综合语与分析语) 并列和从属关系连接词 汉译英时，常常要增补连接词 火车未停，请勿开门。 Don’t open the door until the train stops. 几乎所有的物质都是热胀冷缩的。 Practically all substances expand when heated and contract when cooled. As soon as the cinema is in darkness, spotlights are focused on the curtains which are drawn slowly apart, often to the accompaniment of music to reveal the title of the film. 影院陷入一片漆黑，聚光灯照向徐徐打开的帷幕，伴随着一阵音乐，影片名显现出来了。 Company Logo My old friend Harrison, had lived in the Mediterranean for years before he returned to England. He had often dreamed of retiring in English and had planned to settle down in the country. He had no sooner returned than he bought a fine house and went to live there. Almost immediately he began to complain about the weather, for even though it was still summer it rained continuously and it was often bitterly cold. 哈里逊是我的旧友，侨居地中海多年，近返英国。哈早已梦想在英国本土退休，迁往乡间定居。归国伊始，便买下一栋清雅的别墅。可是刚一住下，就抱怨起英国的天气来；原来当时虽说炎暑未尽，但阴雨连绵，寒冷彻骨。（译文省略了代词，读来简洁清晰） Company Logo Complex vs. Simplex Complex (繁复) Subordination, the placing of certain elements in modifying roles, is a fundamental feature of English. With plenty of subordinate clauses and phrases, English has comparatively longer and more complicated sentences than Chinese. 英语包孕式的复合句很常见，各式各样的长短成分，通过丰富而灵活的连接手段，可以接成枝叶横生的“参天大树”。 Company Logo Complex vs. Simplex Simplex (简短) Chinese is marked by its coordination, loose or minor sentences, contracted sentences, elliptical sentences, run-on sentences, and composite sentences. 汉语造句主要采用“流水记事法”，常用分句或流水句来逐层叙述思维的各个过程。 Company Logo Complex vs. Simplex 英译汉：破句重组，化繁为简 In the doorway lay at least twelve umbrellas of all sizes and colors. 门口放着一堆雨伞，少说也有十二把，五颜六色，大小不一。 Can you answer a question which I want to ask and which is puzzling me? 我有一个问题弄不懂，想请教你，你能回答吗？ （比较：你能回答一个使我弄不懂而又想问你的问题吗？） Company Logo Complex vs. Simplex 汉译英：化简为繁，组合成复合句或长句 阿Q没有家，住在本庄的土谷祠里；也没有固定的职业，只给人家做短工，割麦便割麦，舂米便舂米，撑船便撑船。（鲁迅《阿Q正传》） Ah Q had no family but lived in the Tutelary God’