浙江大学c++讲义2012.doc

Object-Oriented Programming Abstraction（数据抽象） Encapsulation hidden implementation 封装性 Object State,Data, Message, Method, Interface, Operation,Function Type: All objects of a particular type can receive the same messages. Inheritanceolymorphism（多态性） A Better C // comments /* */ // Function Prototype void *malloc size_t ; The new delete Operators char *p new char[3]; int *p new int[3]; Defining variables anywhere int k; k 5; int m; m k+6; Reference int k 8; int m k; Inline function const Object Oriented Programming Abstraction Encapsulation hidden implementation object class struct A int k; float b; int GetK return k; ; A a; a.k 555; class A private: int k; //hidden implementation float b; public: void SetK int k //member function k k; ; A a; a.k 777; //. X a.GetK constructor initialization destructor cleanup class Stack ; Inheritance class Basic ; class Derive1 : public Basic ; Polymorphism （多态性） olymorphism Overloading function Overloading 函数重载 operator Overloading 操作符重载 class Complex double m_r; double m_i; Complex double r 0.0,double i 0.0 m_r r; m_i i; void operator double r,double i m_r r; m_i i; Complex operator+ const Complex c const return Complex m_r+c,m_r, m_i+c,m_i ; double GetR const retur m_r; double GetI const retur m_i; class ComplexPtr Complex *m_ptr; public: ComplexPtr Complex c m_ptr c; const ComplexPtr operator Complex * const ptr m_ptr ptr; return *this; Complex * operator- const return m_ptr; Complex operator * return *m_ptr; Complex operator[] int i return m_ptr[i]; const Complex operator[] int i const return m_ptr[i]; ComplexPtr operator++ m_ptr++; return *this; ComplexPtr operator++ int m_ptr++; return *this; void main Complex c 3,4 ; ComplexPtr ptr c ; cout ptr- GetR endl; cout *ptr .GetR endl; ptr new Complex[10];