rf变压器原理.pdf

How RF Transformers Work Applications for RF transformers RF transformers are widely used in electronic circuits for : Impedance matching to achieve maximum power transfer and to suppress undesired signal reflection. Voltage, current step-up or step-down. DC isolation between circuits while affording efficient AC transmission. Interfacing between balanced and unbalanced circuits; example: balanced amplifiers. Transformer circuits and impedance relationships When signal current goes through the primary winding, it generates a magnetic field which induces a voltage across the secondary winding. Connecting a load to the secondary causes an AC current to flow in the load. It is generally necessary to control terminating impedances of RF signal paths, especially in wide-band applications where path lengths are not negligible relative to wavelength. Wideband RF transformers are wound using twisted wires which behave as transmission lines, and the required coupling occurs along the length of these lines as well as magnetically via the core. Optimum performance is achieved when primary and secondary windings are connected to resistive terminating impedances for which the transformer is designed. Transformers having a turns ratio of 1:1, for example, are typically designed for use in a 50- or 75-ohm system. In this application note, reference is continually made to terminating impedances which the user should provide for transformers, both for performance testing and in actual use. For the sake of consistency in the discussion, transformers with turns ratio greater than 1:1 will be described as step-up; that is, the secondary impedance is greater that the primary impedance. In actual use, however, connection can be step-up or step-down as needed. In Figure 1, three transformer winding topologies are illustrated. The one in Figure 1a is the simplest. Called an autotransformer, this design has a tapped continuous wind