集装箱码头装卸调度仿真优化模型与算法.docVIP

  集装箱码头装卸调度仿真优化模型与算法# 5 10 15 20 25 摘要：集成优化算法的智能决策机制与仿真模型的评价功能，提出集装箱码头装卸调度仿真 优化法。为提高仿真优化的计算效率，设计基于遗传算法与神经网络的混合优化算法。通过 遗传算法搜索装卸调度方案；采用仿真模型评价调度方案；在运行仿真模型前，通过神经网 络模型预测目标函数值，过滤明显劣质解，从而减少仿真模型运行次数，减少模型评价计算 量。最后，通过算例分析验证了模型与算法的有效性。 关键词：物流工程；仿真优化；集装箱码头 中图分类号：U691 文献标识码：A Simulation Optimization Model and Algorithm for Operation Scheduling Problem in Container Terminals Zeng Qingcheng, Zhang Xiaoju (Transportation Management College,Dalian Maritime University ,Dalian 116026) Abstract: Integrating the intelligent decision mechanism of optimization algorithm and evaluation function of simulation model, a simulation optimization method for operation scheduling in container terminals is proposed. To improve the computation efficiency, a hybrid optimization algorithm based on genetic algorithm and neutral network is designed. In this method, loading and unloading sequence is initialized according to certain dispatching rule; then the sequence is improved by genetic algorithm; and simulation model is used to evaluate objective function of a given scheduling scheme. Before running simulation model, neutral network is used to predict objective function and filter out potentially bad solutions, thus to decrease the times of running simulation model. Numerical tests show that simulation optimization method can solve the scheduling problem of container terminals efficiently. And the proposed hybrid algorithm can improve the computation efficiency of simulation optimization. Key words: Logistics engineering; Simulation optimization; Container terminals 30 0 引言 随着集装箱港口吞吐量的迅速增加，码头内作业调度的复杂性随之增加，需要与之相适 应的调度模型与方法支持。为此，国内外学者针对集装箱码头调度问题开展了大量的研究， 总结起来，可以分为数学模型与仿真模型两方面。 35 40 在数学模型方面，国内外研究人员针对作业系统各环节建立了优化模型并设计了相应的 优化算法，主要包括：装卸桥调度模型[1]- [3]、集卡调度与路径优化[4]、龙门吊配置与调度模 型[5]- [8]、堆存优化模型[9]- [10]等。为反映各环节之间的关系， Bish[11]同时考虑将装卸桥作业 顺序、车辆调度与堆存位置选择问题；chen[12]建立了装卸调度中各环节整体优化模型，并设 计了基于禁忌搜索算法的求解方法；康海贵[13]同时优化装卸中龙门吊与集卡的模型。这些 方法提高了调度的整体性，但是，如何有效处理各种约束条件和复杂的相互关系；如何提高 模型求解效率，一直是其中没有得到较好解决的难题。 集装箱码头作业调度问题涉及众多