毕业论文查尔酮类化合物制备方法的探究.docVIP

摘 要 有机合成反应，尤其是固体物质参与的反应，通常使用有机溶剂作为介质，但反应过程中所用的有机溶剂极易对环境造成污染。近年来受到重视的无溶剂反应，避免了使用有机溶剂，这样不仅减少了对环境的污染、简化了反应操作和后处理过程、缩短了反应时间、降低了生产成本、而且往往还具有收率高、选择性强等优点，因此作为实现“绿色化学”的一个重要途径越来越引起人们的关注。本文使用的球磨法就是无溶剂法中重要的方法之一。 查尔酮是重要的有机合成中间体，其化学结构为1，3-二苯基丙烯酮，它是一种存在于甘草、红花等药用植物中的天然化合物。因此具有生物活性，如抗肿瘤活性、抗寄生虫病、抗病毒等，是一类研究价值很高的化合物，所以其制备方法备受关注。虽然查尔酮的合成已有很多成功的报道，但对含硝基的醛、酮缩合研究较少，大多采用反应时间长、产率低的传统方法。 本文介绍了无溶剂法的概念及其具体方法，查尔酮类化合物的合成方法以及应用的研究现状。在无溶剂条件下利用氢氧化钠和碳酸钾混合碱作为催化剂，利用研磨技术促进反应合成，并通过实验比较了查尔酮类化合物的经典合成方法和无溶剂法中的球磨法，结果表明用球磨法制备该类化合物产率较高、时间较短、操作较容易、选择性强等优点。 关键词：球磨法；查尔酮；邻硝基查尔酮；制备 Abstract In organic synthesis reactions, particularly solid substances in the reaction, organic solvents are used as a medium. But the reaction solvents in the reaction progress are easy to pollute the environment. In recent years,solvent-free reaction which has been taken into account, avoiding the use of organic solvents, will reduce the environment pollution, simplify the operation and the treatment process following , shorten the response time, lessen the cost of production. It has the advantage including high yield and strong selectivity. It is an important way to achieve green chemistry. It attracts people’s attention increasingly. This paper used with ball milling method is one important of the solvent-free methods. Chalcone is an important organic synthesis intermediate, and its chemical structure is 1, 3-diphenyl ketone propylene. It is a type of natual compound which presents in licorice, safflowers and other medicinal plants of the natural compounds. Therefore, it has biological activity, such as anti-tumor activity, anti-parasitic diseases, anti-virus and so on. It has very high value of study, so the method of preparation chalcone attracts a lot of attention. Although the synthesis of chalcone has been reported successfully, the condersation of aldehyde with nitro group ketone is studied less. The reaction they adopt is traditional. It costs too much time and has a low yield. This paper introduces the concept of solvent-