基于DNA条形码序列的美女蛤复合种分类学初探.docVIP

  基于 DNA 条形码序列的美女蛤复合种分类 学初探# 孔令锋，曹静静，李琪* 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 （中国海洋大学水产学院，青岛，266003） 摘要：美女蛤的分类问题在国内海洋贝类分类学界一直存在争议。本研究对我国南部海域采 集美女蛤的 DNA 条形码序列进行扩增，测序，结果经比对校正后，获得 COI 基因片段序列 长 658bp，检测到 54 个变异位点，其中有 52 个简约信息位点，分析显示核苷酸多样性为 0.03217。COI 基因序列中四种碱基比例为 T45.8%、C12.9%、A20.0%、G21.3%，AT 的百 分含量为 65.8%。19 条序列共定义 9 个单倍型，单倍型多样性为 0.883。遗传距离和系统进 化树都显示美女蛤分为 2 个进化支系，支系间遗传距离为 7.8-8.6%，远大于支系内最大遗传 距离 0.9%，提示中国沿海分布的美女蛤可能为 2 个不同的种组成的复合种。 关键词：美女蛤；DNA 条形码；COI；分类；复合种 中图分类号：Q959.215 A preliminary taxonomic study of Circe scripta species complex based on DNA barcoding KONG Lingfeng, CAO Jingjing, LI Qi (Fisheries College, Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003) Abstract: The taxonomy of Circe scripta has in the past been based solely on shell characters and there has been no agreement about the number of valid species. In the present study, ninteen DNA barcode sequences of Circe scripta from five location of south coast of China were amplified. Fifty-four variable nucleotide sites and fifty-two parsimony-informative sites were detected in 658 bp COI sequences. The T, C, A and G contens of the fragment were 45.8%、12.9%、20.0% and 21.3%, respectively. The AT content were 65.8%. Nine haplotype were defined among 19 individuals, and haplotype diversity was 0.883. Both genetic distances and neighbor joining tree show that two linkages exist in the Circe scipta, the genetic distance was 7.8-8.6% between two linkages which indicates Circe scripta might be species complex contained two species at least. Key words: Circe scripta; DNA barcode; COI; taxonomy; species complex 0 引言 美女蛤 Circe scripta（ Linnaeus, 1758），隶属于软体动物门（ Mollusca）双壳纲 （Bivalvia）帘蛤科（Veneridae）美女蛤属（Circe），贝壳中型，壳质坚硬，两壳侧扁， 呈三角卵圆形，表面有同心刻纹，壳面有不规则的棕色斑点和花纹，生活在潮间带至 水深 40ｍ左右，在福建南部、广、广西和海南的水市上常可看到，肉味美， 可供食用。 美女蛤的分类问题在国内双壳贝类分类学界一直存在争议，争议的焦点在于美女 蛤 Circe scripta （ Linnaeus, 1758）、面具美女蛤 C. stutzeri Donovan, 1824、华丽美女 蛤 C. tumefacta Sowerby, 1851 是同一个种的不同形态类型还是代表不同的种。张玺与齐 钟彦[1]主编的《贝类学纲要》第 1 版中，仅介绍真瓣鳃目帘蛤族帘蛤科美女蛤（C. scripta） 基金项目：高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金（20