无线传感网络中基于非协作对策的功率控制.docVIP

  无线传感网络中基于非协作对策的功率控 制# 潘陈，罗娟** （湖南大学信息科学与工程学院，长沙 410082） 摘要：无线传感网络中当节点是电池供电时，能量消耗是不容忽视的。一般来说传感节点是 采用分布式布置的。因此节点不知道其他节点的行为，从而不能充分的合作。传输中节点发 射功率的提高并不只仅仅提高了信道容量，降低了误码率，在另一方面也增大了对其他节点 的干扰。在非合作博弈论的框架基础上，提出解决功率控制问题的方法。在传输过程中，用 户的效用公式可以根据文件紧急程度来做出相应的调整。并证明了在非合作框架下的存在唯 一的纳什均衡（NE）。提出了保证系统的稳定性的条件以及可以引导用户提出达到 NE 的 快速收敛算法。仿真结果表明，在合理的功率选取下，网络能够实现良好的性能 关键词：无线传感网络；功率控制；非合作；纳什均衡 Power Control in Wireless Sensor Network based on Non-cooperative Game Theory Pan Chen, Luo Juan (School of Information Science and engineering,Hunan university, Changsha, Hunan, China, 410082) Abstract: In wireless sensor networks, energy consumption is a major concern when nodes are battery powered. Generally sensor nodes are placed in a distributive way. In this case, nodes don’t know the information of others, and cannot fully cooperate with each other. A dilemma exists among the transmission is that the increment of transmission power not only can improve the capacity and lower the bit error rate (BER) but also act as interference to others. A non-cooperative framework based on game theory was proposed to solve this power control problem. Based on the urgency level of information, the utility function was tunable for the users during the transmission. The existence of unique Nash Equilibrium (NE) was proved in this non-cooperative framework. And the stability of the system was guaranteed under the proposed condition. Finally, the NPC algorithm was advanced. And based on that, quick convergence could be achieved by the users to reach the NE point. Experiments showed that good network performance is achieved under reasonable power strategy. Key words: Wireless Sensor network, Power Control, Non-cooperative, Nash Equilibrium 0 引言 功率控制是无线传感器网络中的关键问题之一，因为能量消耗是不可忽视的，尤其当节 点是电池供电时。在无线网络，吞吐量和误码率是由接收方的信号干扰加噪声比（SINR） 决定的。为了提高 SINR，发送端必需提高发射功率。然而，这不可避免地增加了其他链路 接收方的噪声。对于这个问题，已开展了许多研究，在[1] [2] [3]中提出了如何调节发射功率， 提高网络容量，同时也可以延长电池的使用寿命。 近些年来，由于传感器网络的广泛使用，基于博弈论的方法已被应用到功率控制中来。 当传感器被应用于军事和突发事件时，由于在相同的上一级节点的支配下，节点以充分的互