跨国公司农业生物技术垄断、影响及启示.pdfVIP

产业观察 INDUSTRIAL SURVEY 跨国公司农业生物技术垄断、影响及启示 张彩霞 (华中农业大学　经济管理学院，湖北　武汉　430070) 摘要：农业生物技术及其产业发展对推动农业现代化，提高农业综合实力及农业可持续发展具有重要意义，但跨国 基因巨头的农业生物技术及市场垄断对发展中国家产生了许多负面影响。文章首先概述了农业生物技术跨国企业的 发展及世界主要跨国农业生物技术公司；其次，从农业生物技术专利权的垄断和转基因种子市场集中度两个方面对 跨国公司的农业生物技术产业垄断进行了经验分析。研究表明，垄断造成对市场价格的操纵，使发展中国家的农民 收益减少，同时对发展中国家的粮食安全产生威胁。 关键词：转基因作物；跨国公司；市场集中度 文献引用：张彩霞. 跨国公司农业生物技术垄断、影响及启示[J]. 生态经济，2010(3) ：78～80，84. 中图分类号：F276.7；F316 文献标识码：A Agriculture Biotech and Multinational Companys Monopoly Infl uences ZHANG Caixia (School of Economics and Management, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan Hubei 430070, China) Abstract: It is extremely meaningful that agriculture biotech and its industrialization can drive the agricultural modernization, improve the agricultural comprehensive strength and sustainable development, but the agriculture biotech and the market monopoly that the multinational companies hold have lots of negative influences to the developing countries. This paper, firstly, summarizes the development status of the agriculture biotech multinational companies and the main agriculture biotech multinational companies; secondly, the empirical analysis is applied to the monopoly of the agriculture biotech industry which multinational companies hold from two dimensions: the monopoly of agriculture biotech patent and the concentration of transgenic seeds market. The research concludes that the monopoly causes the market price control, the decrease of the farmers earnings in developing countries, the reliability of the developing countries on the transgenic technology, and in the meantime, the threat to the food security of th