(英语论文)维多利亚时期的小说《呼啸山庄》（英）.docVIP

Wuthering Heights as a Victorian Novel 维多利亚时期的小说《呼啸山庄》 Wuthering Heights is in the same ethical and moral tradition as the other great Victorian novels. Its criticism of society is as fierce as Charlotte Brontes or Dickens.... [Much] of the same spirit interfuses the novels of Charlotte and Emily Bronte. For both writers, society and what passes for civilization are synonymous with selfishness. Both show family life as a sort of open warfare, a deadly struggle for money and power. Both see organized religion as ineffective or hypocritical or so cold and harsh as to be inhumane and deflected from true Christian ideals. The characters in Charlotte Brontes first two novels have to face many of the same problems confronting the characters in Wuthering Heights, and they reach the same conclusions. Both William Crimsworth (in The Professor) and Jane Eyre reject the master-slave relationship as static and stultifying and come to the teacher-pupil relationship as the one that allows for growth and the fulfillment of human potential. Similarly, Catherine Linton and Hareton Earnshaw see the futility of Heathcliffs desire for revenge and domination (his seeing the world solely in terms of the master-slave relationship when love fails him) and affirm civilization and civilized values in terms of the teacher-pupil relationship. At the outset Heathcliff is much like the orphans in other Victorian novels--Oliver Twist, or Jane Eyre, or Pip. He is alone, an outcast, as much an alien or interloper among the Earnshaws as Jane Eyre is in Gateshead Hall. The family here is defined much as Charlotte Bronte portrays it in Jane Eyre or in her third novel, Shirley. First, the family closes against the stranger. Just as the Reeds fear Jane simply because she is different from everyone else and thus seems to pose a threat, so the Earnshaws are repelled by Heathcliffs appearance. He looks like a gypsy brat ... and Mrs. Earnshaw is ready to fling him out of the house. Just as the Reeds force