(张智星).ppt

Slides for Fuzzy Sets, Ch. 2 ofNeuro-Fuzzy and Soft Computing J.-S. Roger Jang (張智星) CS Dept., Tsing Hua Univ., Taiwan .tw/~jang jang@.tw Fuzzy Sets: Outline Introduction Basic definitions and terminology Set-theoretic operations MF formulation and parameterization MFs of one and two dimensions Derivatives of parameterized MFs More on fuzzy union, intersection, and complement Fuzzy complement Fuzzy intersection and union Parameterized T-norm and T-conorm Fuzzy Sets Sets with fuzzy boundaries Membership Functions (MFs) Characteristics of MFs: Subjective measures Not probability functions Fuzzy Sets Formal definition: A fuzzy set A in X is expressed as a set of ordered pairs: Fuzzy Sets with Discrete Universes Fuzzy set C = “desirable city to live in” X = {SF, Boston, LA} (discrete and nonordered) C = {(SF, 0.9), (Boston, 0.8), (LA, 0.6)} Fuzzy set A = “sensible number of children” X = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} (discrete universe) A = {(0, .1), (1, .3), (2, .7), (3, 1), (4, .6), (5, .2), (6, .1)} Fuzzy Sets with Cont. Universes Fuzzy set B = “about 50 years old” X = Set of positive real numbers (continuous) B = {(x, mB(x)) | x in X} Alternative Notation A fuzzy set A can be alternatively denoted as follows: Fuzzy Partition Fuzzy partitions formed by the linguistic values “young”, “middle aged”, and “old”: More Definitions Support Core Normality Crossover points Fuzzy singleton a-cut, strong a-cut Convexity Fuzzy numbers Bandwidth Symmetricity Open left or right, closed MF Terminology Convexity of Fuzzy Sets A fuzzy set A is convex if for any l in [0, 1], Set-Theoretic Operations Subset: Complement: Union: Intersection: Set-Theoretic Operations MF Formulation Triangular MF: MF Formulation MF Formulation Sigmoidal MF: MF Formulation L-R MF: Cylindrical Extension 2D MF Projection 2D MFs Fuzzy Complement General requirements: Boundary: N(0)=1 and N(1) = 0 Monotonicity: N(a) > N(b) if a < b Involution: N(N(a) = a Two types of fuzzy complements: Sugeno’s complement: