【论文】加工负载对ADHD儿童语音工作记忆的影响.docVIP

加工负载对ADHD儿童语音工作记忆的影响 摘要 注意缺陷多动障碍指的是智力正常或基本正常的儿童，但存在着与实际年龄不相符合的注意困难、活动过度、易冲动等特点，因而可造成儿童存在有学习困难、社会适应能力差等结果。在学龄儿童中ADHD的患病率为1.3%一13.4%。注意缺陷多动障碍的确诊常见于学龄儿童中，而注意力的缺陷是其核心，反应的是局部执行功能存在障碍。本研究就注意缺陷型ADHD患儿的工作记忆功能障碍进行相关的研究。 从1~9数字中随机抽取n个数字系列，写在卡片上，作为测验材料，这些数字是非连续的，无重复的，也不按某种顺序排列，如奇偶。由主试一次读出。所有工作记忆任务从2到9个广度逐步增加。每个广度的测验，包括两组数字，如果被试在两组数字上都正确，则进入下一个广度；如果重做正确则进入下一个广度，如果重做依然错误，则把上一个广度作为他的记忆广度成绩。 实验一考察了编码阶段的加工负载对ADHD儿童语音工作记忆的影响。分别设计高水平负载条件和低负载条件，对比两组被试在不同条件上的成绩。实验二考察了产出阶段的加工负载对ADHD儿童语音工作记忆的影响。分别设计高水平负载条件和低负载条件，对比两组被试在不同条件上的成绩。结果表明，组别主效应，负载主效应，组别和负载的交互作用均显著。根据实验结果，本研究认为，（1）ADHD儿童确实存在工作记忆缺陷。（2）ADHD儿童之所以存在工作记忆缺陷，与其编码阶段加工缺陷存在着关系。 关键词: 注意缺陷多动障碍 语音工作记忆 加工负载 abstract Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder refers to the normal mental or basic normal child, but there and do not conform to the actual age of note difficulties, activity is excessive, impulsive wait for a characteristic, thus can cause children with learning difficulties, existing poor social adaptation ability results. In school-age children in the prevalence of ADHD 1.3% a 13.4%. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in school-age children, diagnosis and attention deficit is its core, reaction is local executive function obstacle. The purpose of this study is attention deficit type ADHD children working memory dysfunction of the related research. From 1 ~ 9 digital randomly selected n a digital series, written on the card, as test materials, these figures are continuous, no repetitive, nor according to some order, such as parity. Try once read by the Lord. All working memory task from 2 to nine breadth gradually increase. Each breadth of the tests, including two sets of Numbers, if be tried in two sets of figures are all correct, then enter the next breadth; If redo correct is entering the next breadth, if redo still error, criterion on a breadth as his memory popularity score. Experiment a examines the encoding phase processing load for ADHD children speech working memory effects. High level load conditions are design