非谓语讲解.pptVIP

动词不定式有下列时态和语态的形式变化。 主动： to do to have done to be doing to have been doing 被??动 to be done to have been done doing 的变化： 主动： doing having done 被动： being done having been done 1．不定式和动名词作主语的区别 (1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作；而不定式作主语表示具体动作。 　Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here．这里禁止抽烟。(抽象) ??? It is not very good for you to smoke so much．你抽这么多烟对你身体很 ????? 不好。(具体) 2.如果主语是不定式，表语也是不定式（均衡）。 To see is to believe.\Seeing is believing. 百闻不如一见。 To work means to earn a living．工作就是为了生活。 (3)有些动词后使用动名词和动词不定式作宾语的差别 1）forget to do 忘记要去做某事（此事未做） 　forget doing忘记做过某事（此事已做过或已发生） 2）stop to do 停止、中断（某件事），目的是去做另一件事 　stop doing 停止正在或经常做的事 3）remember to do 记住去做某事（未做） 　remember doing记得做过某事(已做) 4) regret to do对要做的事遗憾 　regret doing对做过的事遗憾、后悔 5）try to do努力、企图做某事 　try doing试验、试一试某种办法 6) mean to do打算，有意要… 　mean doing意味着 7）go on to do 继而（去做另外一件事情） 　go on doing 继续（原先没有做完的事情） 8）propose to do 打算（要做某事） 　propose doing建议（做某事） 9) should\would like to do 想要做某事， 　　I should like to see him tomorrow． should\would like to have done 想要做某事但没做成 I would like to have visited you last night, but a friend came to see me. 10)feel like + 名词\ doing　 I feel like a newborn baby．我感觉像一个新生的婴儿。 Do you feel like going to a movie?你想看电影吗? I dont feel like studying tonight．今晚我不想读书。　　 11) need, want, require +doing \ to be done表被动意义； Your coat needs washing\to be washed. The roof of the house requires repairing\to be repaired. 12）被修饰的名词前有序数词the first, second, last, only，只能用不定式。 He is the first one to come and the last to leave. 13)不带to的不定式 1）在表示生理感觉的动词后的不定式不带to。这类词有： 一感，二听，三让，四看，半帮助。 feel，listen to, hear; have ,let ,make; see, watch, notice, observe, look at; help ①上述感觉动词与使役动词转换为被动结构时．其后的不定式一般需带to，如： He was seen to come． The boy was made to go to bed early.　 有关动词不定式句型 下面这些词组是不定式的习惯用法，只能用不定式形式。 can not help but do,　 can not but do,　 cannot choose but do,　 can do nothing but do,　 have no choice/alternative but to do When I consider how talented he is as a painter, I cannot help but believe that the public will