外文翻译原文--墨西哥的外商直接投资和进出口.pdfVIP

FDI, EXPORTS AND IMPORTS IN MEXICO 1157 Foreign Direct Investment, Exports and Imports in Mexico Penélope Pacheco-López University of Kent 1. INTRODUCTION SINCE the mid-1980s, and particularly since the signing of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in 1994, there has been a large increase of foreign direct investment (FDI) into Mexico. The Mexican government has pursued an active policy of lowering entry barriers to investment from foreign multinational corporations (MNCs) in the hope that FDI will promote economic development through knowledge spillovers and a faster growth of exports. In 2001, Mexico was the largest FDI recipient in Latin America (UNCTAD, 2002), and it became the second largest trading developing country in the world (WTO, 2001) with nearly two-thirds of the country’s exports coming from MNCs (UNCTAD, 2002). The purpose of this paper is three-fold; firstly to examine the FDI liberalisa- tion process in Mexico and to present a descriptive analysis of the performance of FDI; secondly to explore the causality relationships between FDI and exports and imports, and thirdly to conclude with a brief critical evaluation of FDI for Mexico’s economic development. The effects of FDI in general can be far- reaching, with evidence that FDI impacts significantly on efficiency, employ- ment, factor prices and trade.1 In the case of Mexico, various studies have focused on the impact of FDI on labour productivity (Blomström and Persson, 1983; and Blomström, 1988), wages (Feenstra and Hanson, 1997), and growth (Ramírez, 2000; and Griffiths and Sapsford, 2003). However,