基于虚拟仪器技术的声级计总体设计论文.doc

PAGE 29PAGE 29东北石油大学本科生毕业设计（论文） PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 29摘 要为了能够实时监测城市区域环境噪声，依据GB/3096-93《声环境质量标准》，开发了一种基于LabVIEW的新型环境噪声自动监测仪。以声压传感器和PC机为硬件基础，应用虚拟仪器技术，实现了传统仪器功能的高度集成，实现了面板输入控件和显示控件合理布局。实时检测并记录周围环境噪声的声级、瞬时声级、连续等效声级、最大和最小声级；图形化实时显示噪声的时域波形和频谱；自动实现环境声级超限报警并记录相关数据。并简单说明了实现时频分析的LabVIEW各子VI功能用法，不仅可以用于对生存空间环境噪声进行定量监测与分析，还能推广到振动等信号监测与分析。关键词：虚拟仪器；LabVIEW；环境噪声；监测仪AbstractFor the purpose of measuring environmental noise of urban area at any moment, a new kind of virtual environmental noise automatic measuring instrument has been developed based on the LabVIEW. This design is according to GB3096-2008 nvironmental quality standard for noise. The hardware system is based on sound pressure sensor and personal computer. With the application of the virtual instrument technology, high integration was realized for the functions of the traditional sound level meter by software. The layout of controls and indicator in front panel is rational. Using the VI, it can be measured and noted that the ambient noise dB(A) level, the transient dB(A) level, equivalent continuous dB(A) level and the maximum and minimum dB(A) levels at any moment. The VI can real-time display the ambient noise signal waveform and frequency spectrum. At the same time it can give the alarm when the dB(A) level state exceeds standard automatically and recode the correlation data. By means of the system, the noise of life environment could be not only inspected, but also extended to observe and analyze signals such as the vibration .Key words: virtual instrument; LabVIEW; environmental noise; measuring instrum目 录 TOC \o 1-2 \h \z \u HYPERLINK \l _Toc296407331 第1章 概述 PAGEREF _Toc296407331 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc296407332 1.1 设计任务 PAGEREF _Toc296407332 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc296407333 1.2 开发环境 PAGEREF _Toc296407333 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc296407334 第2章 基于虚拟仪器技术的声级计设计理论基础 PAGEREF _Toc296407334 \h 3 HYPERLINK \l _Toc296407335 2.1 噪声检测标准 PAGEREF _Toc296407335 \h 3 HYPERLINK \l _Toc296407336 2.2 虚拟仪器技术基础 PAGEREF _Toc29640