汽车蓄电池智能充电系统毕业设计.doc

摘 要 该文设计的是铅酸蓄电池智能充电控制系统,文中主要提及蓄电池充电方法的研究与充电控制系统的设计。在通过有关蓄电池充电原理与充电方法研究的基础上,提出使用恒压限流充电与脉冲充电相结合的充电方法。该充电方法能够一直保持对充电电流在总体上逼近蓄电池的可接受充电电流曲线,并且在整个充电期间内适时地使用了去除蓄电池极化的方法。理论研究与实验数据表明,该充电模式能够很大程度缩短充电时间,提升充电效率。 实验结果表明,基于80196KB单片机控制的智能充电控制系统,其效率高、调节时间快的良好充电特性能得到充分发挥,使得蓄电池具有较高的使用容量与较长的循环寿命,可以满足电机车动力蓄电池的充电的要求,具有良好的应用前景,为提高蓄电池的性能与可靠性提供一条新的、有效的途径。 关键词: 铅酸蓄电池；智能充电；80C196KB ；单片机 Abstract In this paper the design of lead-acid batteries intelligent charging system, content mainly includes to battery charging method of research and charging system design. In the battery principle and charging methods on the basis of study, the paper proposes the constant pressure and pulse current limiting charging charging combination of charging methods. This kind of charging methods can always to recharge current in overall approximation battery acceptable charging electric current curve, and throughout the charging period timely adopted remove battery polarization measures. Theoretical and experimental data shows that this model can greatly shorten charging charging time and improve charging efficiency. Experimental results show that based on the intelligent charging 80196KB single-chip microcomputer control system, its high efficiency, regulating time quick good charging characteristics can get fully, make battery has higher use capacity and long cycle life, can meet the electric locomotive motive battery charging request, has a good application prospect for improving battery performance and reliability provides a new and effective way. Keywords: Lead-acid batteries ；Intelligent charging ；80C196KB ；singlechip 目 录 绪 论 1 1 汽车蓄电池简介 2 1.1 汽车蓄电池 2 1.1.1 蓄电池的种类与选择 2 1.1.2 铅酸蓄电池的工作原理 3 1.1.3 传统的充电方式 3 1.1.4 铅酸蓄电池充电的过程 5 2 课题的研究现状 6 2.1 项目开发的背景 6 2.2 项目可行性 6 2.3 充电技术的发展状况 7 2.4 充电电源的发展状况 8 3 基本方案 10 3.1 总设计方案 10 3.1.1 系统的设计要求 10 3.1.2 智能充电方法的选择 10 3.1.3 系统的结构原理框图 11 3.2 充放电方法的控制与实现 11 3.2.1 单片机充电终止条件控制方法 12 3.2.2 最高电压控制 12 3.2.3 定时控制 12 3.2.4 温度控制 13 4 系统硬件介绍及设计 14 4