汽车排气歧管材质的高硅钼球墨铸铁的研究金属材料毕业论文.doc

摘要 汽车排气歧管通过法兰盘与发动机相连，是排气系统温度最高的部件。排气歧管经受排出的高温气流热循环冲击,以及行驶中恶劣的气候条件等，要求发动机排气歧管的材料更加耐热、耐氧化，排气歧管应具有良好的中、高温机械性能和使用性能。 高硅钼球铁为目前汽车排气歧管最主要材料，较其他材料有诸多优越性，如良好的高温强度、热疲劳性，优异的耐氧化性、生长性和良好的高温抗蠕变性，并且高硅钼价格适中，可以大量生产。因此本实验研究通过对高硅钼球做热疲劳实验，研究分析它的一些性能。 热疲劳试验选择多个试样，除原始铸态试样外，做两组实验，热疲劳实验下限温度相同，都是室温，上限温度分别为900℃和850℃。其中由于高硅钼球墨铸铁汽车排气歧管的工作温度是850℃，故850℃为试样实验重点。试样在加热10分钟后，取出淬火，再加热。记录次数，及试样的尺寸变化，以及裂纹第一次出现的次数及裂纹变化。 热疲劳结束后，采用D/max 2500 X射线衍射仪、JSW-5310和JXA-840扫描电镜、LinK-ISIS能谱和OLYMPUS-PMG3金相显微镜分别对高硅钼球铁显微组织进行观察。运用扫描电镜观察热疲劳裂纹形貌及裂纹萌生和扩展特征，分析裂纹形成及扩展机理。 关键词：高硅钼球铁、热疲劳性、裂纹。  Abstract Exhaust manifold is connected with the engine by the flange, and it is the highest temperature component in the exhaust system. Suffered from high-temperature air cycle impact and trouble weather conditions during driving, the material of the engine exhaust manifold requires better properties, such as heat resistance, high temperature oxidation, and thermal fatigue. The exhaust manifold should have the high temperature mechanical performance and good service behavior. High silicon SiMo nodular cast irons are currently used to produce exhaust manifolds and turbochargers, and they have many advantages over other materials, such as good high temperature strength, thermal fatigue resistance, excellent oxidation resistance, growth properties and good high temperature creep resistance. And high silicon SiMo nodular cast irons are affordable, so they can be mass produced. Therefore, this experiment is made by studying high silicon SiMo nodular cast irons’ thermal fatigue, which aims at analyzing its some properties. In the thermal fatigue testing we select some samples. In addition to the original cast sample, we divide the samples in two groups. The lower experimental temperature are the same in the thermal fatigue testing which are all room temperature, and the maximum experimental temperature are 900 ℃ and 850 ℃ independently. Because high silicon SiMo nodular cast irons exhaust manifolds are worked at 850 ℃, the testing at