动物的行为进化——通讯行为学论文.docVIP

题目：动物行为的进化 ——通讯行为 年 级: 学 号: 姓 名: 专 业: 生命科学学院 指导老师: 二零一二年五月动物的行为进化——通讯行为 [摘要] 动物的通讯行为是通过自然选择演化而来的，每一类通讯行为往往有着特殊的功能与进化过程。这一过程历经了许多艰辛，在不同的环境下，因物制宜，形成了适应自己的交流方式。 通讯行为不仅是发生在个体之间或群体之间的事，细胞之间也具有相互通讯的方式，化学通讯与触觉通讯可能是其中最主要的两种。The evolution of animal behavior ——Communication [Abstract] Animal communication behavior is evolved through natural selection, each kind of communication behavior often has the special function and evolutionary process. This process after many hardships, in different circumstances, for the specific content, formed to himself way of communication. Julian Huxley in early 1923 he noticed in animal communication signals in the process of evolution, some behavior will lose their plasticity and the original function and the evolution of a rigid the same patterns of behavior, he was the evolution process known as ritualized. Ritualized is a very attractive concept, it can change the behavior patterns are directly linked to the evolution of related principle. Animals by an individual communication can put the internal physiological status information to another individual and cause the latter appropriate responses, and can lead to the sharing of information, this kind of information sharing has to adapt to the survival significance. Communication behavior is not only among individuals or groups happened in between, between the cells also have mutual communication way, chemical communication and touch communication is probably one of the most two main kinds. [Keywords] Communication behavior Origin Development Evolution 目 录 摘 要 I Abstract II 第1章 引言 1 第2章 正文 2 2.1 通讯方式的类型 2 2.2 通讯信号的起源实例 3 2.3 通讯系统的起源和发展 4 结 论 6 参考文献 7 第1章 引言 一个动物发出一种或几种刺激信号引起接受者产生行为反应的现象称为通讯。通讯有视觉、听觉、嗅觉和触觉等四种方式，是综合性的行为。因此，通讯行为在群体活动中相当重要。 动物运用何种通讯方式与它们的感觉、运动能力以及栖息条件有关。昆虫以化学和触觉通讯为主；鸟类以视觉和听觉通讯为主。在哺乳类中，生活在草原、江河等开阔地带的动物主要以视觉通讯为主；在森林里的动物则