中美文化差异对英汉日常交际语的影响.docVIP

中文摘要 本文将通过对中美文化差异和产生差异的原因进行分析，来说明其对英汉日常交际语的影响，并以举例的方式来进一步论证。本文的目的是让更多的中国英语使用者在跨文化交际中意识到文化差异的存在，从而知道如何避免由于这种差异带来不必要的冲突，误解和尴尬，让他们在跨文化交际中能进行无障碍的交流。 关键词：文化差异，语言，跨文化交际 Abstract（英文摘要） This paper will analyse specific culture differences, and their historical causations, between Chinese and Americans. It will focus on differences between the ways in which Chinese English speakers and Americans communicate in daily situations. The purpose of the paper is to make the Chinese English speaker more aware of the difficulties or problems that may occur when using certain English words or terms in everyday communication with Americans. It therefore follows, that awareness of these problems may result in the possibility of any misunderstandings, embarrassment and even conflict being avoided and reduce the barrier to cross-cultural communication. Key words: Culture difference, Language, Intercommunication ? Contents（提纲） 中文摘要...........................................................................i Abstract………………………………………………………………………………..............ii I. Introduction………………………………………….………………………………….........1 II. Comparison of the traditional cultures………….….……………………………..…...2 2.1 Chinese values and beliefs….……………………..….………………………….......2 ? 2.1.1 Values of Collectivism and Harmony………………………………………….3 ? 2.1.2 Hierarchy and Humility………….……………………………………………..3 ? 2.1.3 Courtesy /Good Manners…………..…………………………………………...3 2.2 American values and beliefs………………………………………………………........3 ? 2.2.1 Individual Freedom and Self-Reliance……………………………..……….4 ? 2.2.2 Equality of Opportunity and Competition………………….……………….4 ? 2.2.3 Material Wealth and Hard Work………………………………………………..5 III. Cultural differences in daily communications……………………..…………………..5 3.1 Forms of Address……………………………………………………..…………….........5 3.2 Greetings and Farewells…...……………………………………………………….......6 3.3 Compliments and Praise…….……………………………………………………..........7 3.4 Visiting and Entertaining…………………………………………………………........8 3.5 Miscellaneous communic