超声强化纳米固体碱催化大豆油酯交换制备生物柴油的动力学.docVIP

第 42 卷第 4 期 2011 年 4 月  中南大学学报(自然科学版) Journal of Central South University (Science and Technology)  Vol.42 No.4 Apr. 2011  超声强化纳米固体碱催化大豆油酯交换制备 生物柴油的动力学 任庆功 1, 2 ，阎杰 3 ，丘泰球 2 (1. 常州大学石油化工学院，江苏常州，213164； 2. 华南理工大学轻化工研究所，广东广州，510640； 3. 仲恺农业工程学院化学化工学院，广东广州，510225) 摘要：以大豆油为原料，以纳米 KF/γ-Al2O3 为催化剂催化酯交换反应制备生物柴油；考察超声和机械搅拌对酯 交换反应的影响，并在酯交换反应机理的基础上探讨超声强化纳米 KF/γ-Al2O3 催化酯交换反应动力学。研究结果 表明：机械搅拌下纳米 KF/γ-Al2O3 催化大豆油酯交换反应在反应初始阶段是拟二级反应，而后为一级反应，后 期转为零级反应，反应初期的反应活化能 Ea 为 21.03 kJ/mol，指前因子 K0 为 846.49 L/(mol?min)；超声强化纳米 KF/γ-Al2O3 催化酯交换反应动力学过程与常规法的动力学过程基本一致，反应初始阶段为拟二级反应，而后转为 一级和零级，反应初期的 K0 为 76.33 L/(mol?min)，活化能 Ea 为 12.99 kJ/mol，该活化能比机械搅拌下酯交换反应 的略低，表明在超声作用下，酯交换反应更容易进行；超声强化酯交换反应速率常数比常规方法的高，从而反应 能够短时间内达到平衡。 关键词：超声；反应动力学；氟化钾/γ-氧化铝；催化剂；大豆油；酯交换；生物柴油 中图分类号：TQ645.8 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1672?7207(2011)04?0903?06  Kinetics of nano solid base catalyzed transesterification of soybean oil for biodiesel production enhanced by ultrasonic irradiation REN Qing-gong 1, 2 , YAN Jie 3 , QIU Tai-qiu 2 (1. School of Petro Chemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China? 2. Light Industry Institute, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China? 3. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China) Abstract: Transesterification of soybean oil and methanol to synthesis biodiesel with solid super base KF/γ-Al2O3 as the catalyst was studied. Effects of experimental parameters including ultrasonic and mechanical stirring on the transesterification of soybean oil and methanol were investigated. Based on the transesterification mechanism, the macro kinetic equation of triglycerides transesterification was obtained. The results show that the reaction of transesterification is the second grade reaction of increase stage at the beginning and finally reaches the one and zero grade reaction with the transesterification during mechanical stirring. The reactive