世界卫生组织关于在医疗卫生机构、人口聚集场所和家庭的感染控制策略.pptVIP

* * [Review slide] Citation WHO. WHO policy on TB infection control in health-care facilities, congregate settings, and households. 2009. WHO/HTM/TB/2009.419 /tb/publications/2009/en/index.html * * There are 6 managerial activities at the national and subnational levels Here are the first 3 * * Here are the remaining 3 of the 6 managerial activities at the national and subnational levels. Let’s talk about each of the 6. * * The first managerial activity is to identify a coordinating body to perform the following functions [Review rest of slide] * * * Now let’s talk about the second managerial activity. Health facility, design, construction, renovation and use are important to TB infection control [Review slide] * * Let’s talk about crowding first. In this example, say you need 100 hospital beds. Which is a better building design for airborne infection control, one large 100-bed room, or 10 small ones? This diagram shows why 10 smaller ones are better. Let’s look at the large facility first (on your left). Among the 100 patients, two (in red) have undetected TB. They are not yet on treatment so they are infectious, and are exposing the other 98 patients. Now look on the right hand side of the slide. The same 100 patients are distributed into 10 smaller wards. Each ward has just 10 patients. Say for example, each of the 2 undetected cases ended up in a different ward. Each undetected TB case exposes the other 9 patients in the smaller ward, so 9 + 9 = 18 are exposed, much fewer than the 98 patients exposed in the large ward. Less crowding means fewer patients are exposed. Courtesy of Hans Mulder, Ed Nardell * * Here is an example of a clinic floor plan that mixes patients and staff. Administrative staff work in the rooms shown in orange. Even though they have no patient care responsibilities, their rooms are interspersed with consultation rooms (green) where patients are seen. The offices of the