火箭设计-制导与控制技术.pdfVIP

3-1 Guidance and Control Technology Erik Berglund Swedish Defence Research Agency 172 90 Stockholm, Sweden eberglund@foi.se Summary The fundamental ideas and the basic mathematics of the most common missile guidance laws are outlined. Rules of thumb for the required lateral acceleration for the different guidance laws are given. A brief summary of flight mechanics is given. The pitch axis control is treated and the dynamic properties are identified. Design of the autopilot for the inner loop using modern methods of controller design is briefly outlined. Introduction Precision guided weapons have played an increasingly important role in recent conflicts and much media attention has been focused on the surgical precision provided by modern high-tech weapons. However, the concepts behind today’s guided weapons date back to the Second World War and in some cases even to the First World War. It is, however, clear that the technological progress has only recently made it possible to fully exploit the concept of guided weapons. Guidance can be defined as the strategy for how to steer the missile to intercept, while control can be defined as the tactics of using the missile control actuators to implement the strategy. Guidance has normally been divided into: • Target related guidance, where target tracking data are provided in real time from a sensor, which can be on-board or off-board. • Non-target related guidance, where the missile navigates to some predetermined point, which can be the target or the point where target related guidance can begin. As the integ