十七年小说题材论.pdfVIP

摘要 “题材”，指的是作家在创作过程中，选取自己所熟悉的，认为有价值的东 西，加以提炼，以此作为写作的材料。在十七年对题材的讨论中，它不仅指作者 写作前的准备，而且在很大程度上还是衡量一部作品价值的标准：题材对应的并 不是简单的作品，而是和作品的价值相对应。在毛泽东的《讲话》发表之前，题 材并不是所有作家都热心关切的话题。《讲话》为作家规定了写作的内容，周扬 在解放初期的多次重要会议上进行阐释，使得“写什么”由作家的自由选择变成 了意识形态的规定，由此也引发了对题材问题的讨论。在论述十七年的题材问题 时，选择了农村题材的小说作为立论点。此时农村题材小说的写作有着更为重要 的意义，它对于表现题材和创作关系的意义在当下性是优于历史题材的；在表现 历史与人的关系上，体现作品价值与题材的意义时，农村题材的小说要好于工业 题材。作家对农村题材的小说进行言说时，一方面写出自己对现实的思考，而另 一方面也要和意识形态的规定相靠拢，以期获得轰动性的阅读效果。这样，小说 的写作便呈现了不同的风貌。在同一题材的小说写作中，我们选择三个文本来反 思三位作家对现实的思考，从中可以看出题材在不同时期是怎样被言说的。 Abstract When the writer is in creation, they select and extract something of value and familiarity, it is used as the resource of writing, it is the subject matter. In the discussion of subject matter of “17 years”, it is not merely the preparation before the writing, and it’s the standard of the works’ value. A corresponding one of subject matter is not the simple works, but the value of works. Before Mao zedong’s 《Speech》was issued ,not all writers enthusiastic topic concerned of subject mater. 《Speech》had stipulated the content of writing for the writer, and Zhon yang explained it at many important meeting on the initial stage of liberating, made “writing something” to turn from the writers’ free choice into a regulation of ideology. Then it initiated the discussion of the subject matter as fulcrum, because the writing of the novel subject matter has more important meaning, it surpasses the novel of the historical subject matter regarding the meaning between the subject and creation. In displaying the relation of history and people, reflecting the value of the works and meaning of the subject matter, the novel of the rur