高中英语 unit1 friendship语法突破二重点提炼 新人教版必修1.docVIP

人教版高一必修1重点提炼：Unit 1 Friendship语法突破（2） 直接引语变间接引语中的几种不变情况直接引语变为间接引语时，一般都要有时态、时间、地点、人称等相应的变化。但在下列情况下，时间、时态、地点、人称等不变。 1.如果就在当天或当地转述，直接引语中的come 不必变成 go ,here 也不必变成there,同样像yesterday, tomorrow 等时间也不变。如： He said, I’ll come here to visit the exhibition tomorrow. →He said that he would come here to visit the exhibition tomorrow.他说他将来这儿参观明天的展览。 2.如果直接引语是普通的客观真理变为间接引语时，时态不变。如： The teacher told us, Failure is the mother of success. →The teacher told us that failure is the mother of success.老师告诉我们失败是成功之母。 3.如果直接引语中有明确的过去时间状语，变为间接引语时，一般过去时不必改为过去完成时；过去进行时，也不必改为过去完成进行时。如： ①She said to me, I went to college in 1982.→She told me that she went to college in 1982.她告诉我她在1982年上大学的。 ②He said, I was watching TV at eight oclock last night. →He said that he was watching TV at eight oclock the night before.他说他昨晚八点钟正在看电视。 4.如果直接引语中所说的情况在目前或在说话的当时还有效，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如： He said, Im a manager of this company. →He said that he is a manager of this company.他说他是一家公司的经理。 5.主句的动词如果是一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时或一般将来时，变间接引语时，时态不变。如： ①He says, Ill never forget the lecture given by Professor Li. →He says that hell never forget the lecture given by Professor Li.他说他将永远不会忘记李教授的演讲。 ②The teacher has said, You should do it more carefully. →The teacher has said that I should do it more carefully.老师说我应该做的更好。 6.如果直接引语是过去完成时，变为间接引语时时态不变。如： The girl said, I had prepared the meal before mother came back. →The girl said that she had prepared the meal before mother came back.那姑娘说她在母亲回来前已准备好饭了。 7.如果直接引语表示的是一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如： Tom said, I have a walk with my grandfather after supper. →Tom said that he has a walk with his grandfather after supper.汤姆说晚饭后，他和他的祖父散步。 8.如果直接引语中有以 when, while, since 等引导的时间状语从句，在变为间接引语时，应改主句时态，从句时态不变。如： She said, I have taught in the school since I came here. →She said that she had taught in the school since she came there她说自从她来这儿她就在所学校教书。 9.如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去形式如：must ，ought to，had better， need等或已经是过去式的情态动词如used to，could，might，should，would，变为间接引语时，保留其原来形式（有时must 根据上下文所表达的意思可改为had to）。 ①She said, You