年产5000吨乳酸工厂提取车间设计毕业设计论文.doc

年产5000吨乳酸工厂提取车间设计 摘要 乳酸是世界上应用广泛的三大有机酸之一，目前生产乳酸主要采取的方法有传统发酵工艺以及固定化微生物法、电渗析连续发酵法、萃取发酵法、膜法发酵法、吸附发酵法、同时糖化发酵法等新工艺，在工业生产中多采用微生物发酵法生产L-乳酸。乳酸的提取精制是乳酸生产中非常重要的步骤，工业生产中常用的乳酸提取工艺主要有：钙盐法、锌盐法、离子交换法、溶剂萃取法和电渗析法等。本设计采用德式乳杆菌为菌种，以大米为主要原料，麸皮为辅助原料经糖化发酵并行式来生产乳酸。在发酵时加入CaCO3作为乳酸中和剂和发酵液稳定剂，得到的发酵液经预处理→浓缩→冷却结晶→洗晶→离心分离→乳酸钙结晶→溶晶→酸解→过滤→脱色等一系列步骤得到粗乳酸；粗乳酸先经浓缩再经离子交换法（先通过732阳离子交换柱再通过331阴离子交换柱）得到纯乳酸。 根据上述工艺流程，在进行乳酸工厂提取车间设计时，根据工厂的实际生产工艺和产能采取最优的提取工艺，通过对乳酸生产平衡、设备平衡和能量平衡等的计算，选取相应的生产设备，合理布局设计，使生产操作可靠性、方便性达到生产要求，降低成本，最终使生产效益最大化，并设计出合理的工艺流程图、设备结构和布置图以及全厂平面布置图。 关键词：发酵工艺；乳酸提取车间；工厂设计  The design of the extracted workshop which produce 5000 ton of lactic acid in a year Abstract Lactic acid is one of the three organic acids which widely used in the world.Now the main approach to produce lactic acid include:the traditional fermentation process and immobilized microorganisms,continuous electrodialysis fermentation, extraction　fermentation,membrane fermentation,adsorption fermentation,law saccharification and fermentation technology ect.these new process．Microbial fermentation is the process which most widely used in industrial production to produce L-lactic acid. Extraction of lactic acid production is refined very important step;some processes like:calcium method,zinc salts,ion exchange,solvent extraction and electrodialysis law which are normally used in industrial production of lactic acid;The design used the German Lactobacillus for strains and rice as the main raw materials, wheat branas auxiliary raw materials and then for parallel saccharification and fermentation to produce lactic acid.The CaCO3 is used as lactic acid neutralizer and stabilizer fermentation broth in the fermentation. The fermentation broth obtained from the fermentation must be treatby these step to be crude lacticby:the pretreatment of the fermentation broth→condense the broth→cooling crystallization of concentrated wash crystal→wash the crystal→centrifuge dissolved→crystallize the calcium lactate into crystal→dissolve it with water→diss