水循环过程中的稳定同位素及影响机制.pptVIP

The iPILPS Phase 1 experiment aims to 1. identify and test ILSSs (isotopically enabled land-surface schemes) which incorporate SWIs (stable water isotope) 2. appraise SWI data applicable to hydro-climatic and water resource aspects of ILSSs; 3. identify observational data gaps required for evaluating ILSSs; 4. apply SWI data to specific predictions of well-understood locations simulated by available ILSSs. Baisic equations On the monthly time scale: water mass balance: Prj－Evapj－Roj－ΔSj=0 isotope mass balance: δPrj×Prj－δEvapj×Evapj－δRoj×Roj－ δΔSj×ΔSj=0 δPrj monthly isotopic δ value of precipitation Prj δEvapj monthly isotopic δ value of evaporation Evapj δRoj monthly isotopic δ value of surface plus subsurface runoff Roj δΔSj monthly isotopic δ value of the change in the total storage water Evapj Rl: stable isotopic ratio in water; f: residual proportion of evaporating water body α: α=Rl/Rv（＞1) stable isotopic fractionation factor between liquid and vapor. α = α(T) on the equilibrium fractionation α = αk(T, h, V, D) on the kinetic fractionation 4. conclusions 1. Simulations show reasonable features in the seasonal and diurnal variations of δ18O in canopy and surface reservoirs; 2. Owing to originating mainly from atmospheric precipitation, the stable water isotopes in these reservoirs change as the stable isotopes in precipitation; 3. On the diurnally time scale, the stable isotopes in precipitation display the typical isotopic signature in evergreen tropical forest: the heavy rains are usually depleted in stable isotopes, but the light ones are usually enriched; 4. On the monthly time scale, δ18O in reservoirs have distinct seasonal variation with two peaks. The feature called as amount effect is consistent with the actual survey at Manaus, from 1965 to 1990, set up by IAEA/WMO; 5. Different hydrological process cause very different isotopic responses. * Incorporating Stable Water Isotopes in the Community Land Model