宁波市农民工子女学龄儿童与宁波市城市学龄儿童体质健康及生活习惯的比较研究.pdfVIP

论 文 摘 要 改革开放以来，伴随着经济的发展与户籍制度的松动，大量的农村劳动力潮水般涌入经 济发达的沿海城市。与此同时，跟随父母进城的农民工子女学龄儿童越来越多，也产生了一 些社会问题。比如，学龄儿童的健康教育与时代发展的融合并不理想；户籍制度限制进城农 民工子女享受城市儿童同等的医疗、卫生等公共服务；农民工受教育水平与低廉的经济收入 影响其子女的健康成长等。了解学龄儿童的体质状况,即有利于学龄儿童的健康成长，也对 教育事业、社会的和谐与国家的长远发展都能起到推动作用。本研究以浙江省宁波市农民工 子女学龄儿童与城市学龄儿童为研究对象，对农、城学龄儿童的体质状况、生活习惯等进行 测试、调查、比较分析。通过研究得出以下结论： 1.宁波市农民工子女学龄儿童与城市学龄儿童在身高、体重方面存在显著性差异。城市 学龄儿童的身高、体重普遍高于农民工子女学龄儿童；随着年龄增长农民工子女女生的体重 增速最为明显；城市学龄儿童的BMI 值高于农民工子女学龄儿童。 2．身体素质方面的比较，宁波市农民工子女学龄儿童的腰腹肌力量、速度弱于宁波市 城市学龄儿童；男生之间身体素质的比较表现出更多的显著性差异。 3．宁波市农民工子女学龄儿童的超重、肥胖率略高于城市学龄儿童，存在的差异并不 具有统计学意义。 4．宁波市城市学龄儿童的近视率高于农民工子女学龄儿童；城、农两组学龄儿童的近 视率均处于较高水平。 5．宁波市农民工子女学龄儿童的体育活动积极性逊于城市学龄儿童，卫生习惯、就医 习惯不如城市学龄儿童。 6．宁波市城市学龄儿童的饮食习惯优于农民工子女学龄儿童；城市儿童在高蛋白、高 脂肪类食物的摄取频率高于农民工子女学龄儿童；蔬菜摄取的种类多于农民工子女学龄儿 童；农民工子女学龄儿童的膳食结构亟待改善。 关键词：体质 农民工 农民工子女 学龄儿童 生活习惯 Abstract Since the policy of Reform and Opening-up, floods of rural labors entering cities and coastal areas, the increase of population makes cities stressful and leads to so many social problems, such as health and education of migrant workers’ children. For example,there is still a gap between their physical education and the development of society; the household registration system limits the opportunity of migrant workers’ children as for having the same medical services as city children; educational level and low income of migrant workers also affect their children’s health. The period of childhood determines a person’s physical health: learning about the physical cond ition of school-age children is not only good for their growth, but also motivates the career of education, the harmony of society and the development of our country. This research, whose objets are school-age migrant workers’ children and city children, compares and analyses their physica