3、彼得伯克的新文化史学思想研究.pdfVIP

摘 要 二十世纪七八十年代西方史学在“语言转向”或“文化转向”等思潮影响下，出 现了新文化史的转向。在这场新文化史转向中，英国当代著名的历史学家、剑桥大学文 化史教授彼得·伯克扮演了重要角色，他不仅对新文化史有大量的编纂实践，还从史学 理论角度对新文化史进行了精辟地概括与总结，有“新文化史旗手”之称。伯克从辩证 的角度考察了文化与社会之间的关系，认为文化是不应该被动地受制于社会的，它们二 者之间是平等和互动的两股力量，因而他反对新史学中的“社会决定论”，也反对新文 化史中出现的“文化决定论”。此外，伯克在他的文化史写作实践中，总是能提出新观 念、开拓新领域、运用新理念、采用新方法，这些开创性的研究实践是值得借鉴的，且 能给人以很大的启示。本文我将以伯克具体的新文化史实践为例证，并相应地结合其理 论贡献，从研究领域、研究方法和史料运用三方面来考察伯克的新文化史，并对其进行 评价。 关键词：伯克；新文化史；文化；联系 Abstract With the social currences of “cultural turn ” ,“linguistic turn”and so on,and against the limitations of social history,a turn which is signed by the appearence of New Cultural History (NCH)occurred in the area of western history in the 1970s and 1980s. In this campaign of New cultural history, Peter Burke who is a well-known contemporary historian of Britain and culrual history professor at the University of Cambridge plays a pivotal role, he actively advocatsts NCH and has given a large number generalization of cultural history and NCH from the perspective of histoty theory and a large number codification of NCH too,so he has been hailed as a new cultural standard-bearer by Chinese and foreign scholars. In Burke, where the culture is no longer subject to society passively, he dialecticly inspected the relations between culture and social，and took them as two equal and interactive forces, so he opposed the social determinism and the cultural determinism ,which happened in the NewHisto