2014年八年级英语下册 Unit 1 Past and present Grammar 2教案三 牛津版.docVIP

8B Unit 1 Past and present (Grammar 2) 教学目标： 1. To learn some new words. 2. To learn the use of the present perfect tense. 重点难点： 短暂性动词和延续性动词的区别、用法及转换 教学过程： Step1. Check the homework. Step2 .Add some irregular verbs. become—became---become choose—chose—chosen cost—cost—cost drink—drank—drunk feel—felt—felt give—gave—given grow—grew—grown hurt---hurt—hurt lend---lent---lent pay---paid---paid meet---met---met Step3. Explain the grammar. 短暂性动词（瞬间性动词）由于动作不能延续，故不能与表示一段时间的状语for…或since…连用。常见的短暂性动词有：go, come, borrow, open, close, stop, join, marry, die, become, arrive, reach, begin, start, leave, receive, buy, put, lose，lend, find, finish等。 如果表达上述短暂性动词“继续多长时间”的概念，则需要改用与之相应的表示状态的系表结构，这种系表结构多为 be+ 形容词（副词、介词短语等）构成，试比较： 误：He has come here for seven years. 正：He has been here for seven years. He came here seven years ago. 误：This factory has opened for several years. 正：This factory has been open for several years.(open是形容词，表示“开”的状态。) This factory opened several years ago.( close→be closed 用法同上) 类似的词还有： die→be dead????? 误： His father has died for two months.正： His father has been dead for two months/since two months ago.?or His father died two months ago. ???? buy→have 误： Sam has bought the knife for a week .正： Sam has had the knife for a week /since a week ago. or Sam bought the knife a week ago. get up→be up 误： Xiao Ming has got up for an hour.正： Xiao Ming has been up for an hour. or Xiao Ming got up an hour ago. leave→be away from 误： She has left here for two years.正： She has been away from here for two years. or She left here two years ago. ????? borrow→keep 误： Tom has borrowed the book for two days.正： Tom has kept the book for two days. or ???Tom borrowed the book the day before yesterday. ???? join→be in +组织/ be a …..member 误： My brother has joined the League /army /Party for 10 years.正： My brother has been in the League /army /Party for 10 years/since 1995. or My brother