碱催化PVA酯化交联膜的制备.pdfVIP

《化学通报》在线预览版 碱催化PVA酯化交联膜的制备 * 李保军 贺高红 白凤武 刘元法 （大连理工大学 精细化工国家重点实验室 膜科学与技术研究开发中心 大连116012） 摘 要 在氢氧化钠催化条件下，将聚乙烯醇（PVA ）与草酸（OA ）酯化交联，制得了一种新的PVA-OA 均质膜，利用红 外光谱表征了交联膜的化学结构；考察了均质膜的耐水性能和机械性能，发现随着交联度的增加，其耐水性和拉伸强度增强， 而断裂伸长率下降；将 PVA 与聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF ）制成PVA/PVDF 蒸汽渗透膜复合膜，利用乙醇-水混合物考察了其分离 性能，结果表明 PVA 理论交联度在 6 ％～7 ％之间时，其综合性能较优。 关键词 聚乙烯醇 氢氧化钠 草酸 酯化交联 乙醇-水混合物 Preparation and Characterization of PVA Crosslink-Esterified Membranes with Sodium Hydroxide Catalyst Li Baojun He Gaohong* Bai Fengwu Liu Yuanfa (State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, RD Center of Membrane Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116012) Abstract The preparation and characterization of PVA-OA membranes by crosslink-esterification are investigated PVA-OA membranes were prepared by PVA(poly(vinyl alchohol)) crosslink-esterified with OA(oxalic acid) as cross-linking agent and NaOH as catalyzer. The chemical structure of PVA-OA membranes were characterized by infrared spectrometry. The water resistance and mechanical property of homogeneous membrane were measured. With the degree of cross linking increase, the water resistance and tensile-strength were enhanced, but the extensibility at break descended. The PVA/PVDF(polyvinylidene fluoride) composite membranes were used in vapor permeation for the separation of water-ethanol. The performances of vapor permeation of the composite membranes were better when the degree of cross linking is among 6%~7%. Key words Poly(vinyl alchohol) Sodium hydroxide Oxalic acid Crosslink-esterifacation Water-ethanol mixture Polyvinylidene Fluoride 蒸汽渗透是一种新型膜分离技术，在该过程中原料蒸汽混合物通过渗透膜得到分离、纯化，同时还具 有选择性好、热效率高、易于操作等优点，用于把有机物从与水的混合物中分