高产油量优质杂交油菜中油杂8 号的选育及良好特性.pdfVIP

中国农业科学 2005,38(11):2198-2204 Scientia Agricultura Sinica 高产油量优质杂交油菜中油杂8 号的选育及优良特性 李云昌，胡 琼，梅德圣，李英德，徐育松 （中国农业科学院油料作物研究所/国家油料作物改良中心/农业部油料作物遗传改良重点实验室，武汉 430062 ） 摘要: 通过杂种优势利用来提高油菜产量的同时提高种子的含油量，从而获得油菜生产最终目标性状——产 油量的总体提升是发展高效低成本油菜产业的保证。介绍了利用辐射诱变、有性杂交结合单株成对测交等方法， 改良油菜细胞质雄性不育三系的育性、产量和含油量性状，选育高产油量杂交油菜品种中油杂8 号的过程及其特 性。在湖北省和中国油菜品种区试中，中油杂8 号比对照中油821 分别增产9.82%和10.64%，达极显著水平；含 油量和产油量在湖北省区试中均居参试品种首位，分别达 42.77% 和 1 051.05 kg·ha-1 ，比对照品种分别提高 3% 和161.3 kg·ha-1 ，是目前长江中游区含油量最高的少数几个优质杂交油菜品种之一。文中还对中油杂8 号的强优 势基础、增产高油因素及通过大粒性状培育高产油量油菜品种的育种策略进行了讨论。 关键词: 甘蓝型油菜；高含油量；中油杂8 号；杂交种选育 Development and Superior Performance of High Oil Yielding Canola Hybrid Zhongyouza No.8 LI Yun-chang, HU Qiong, MEI De-sheng, LI Ying-de, XU Yu-song （Institute of Oil Crop Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / National Center for Oil Crops Improvement / Key Laboratory of Agricultural Ministry for Oil Crops Improvement, Wuhan 430062 ） Abstract: High oil yield resulted from the combination of high grain yield and high oil content is a prerequisite for the development of high efficient oilseed rape production. Using irradiation induced mutation ，sexual hybridization combined with paired test cross, the fertility, yield and oil content of the three lines of cytoplasmic male sterility were improved and a new hybrid variety Zhongyouza No.8 with high oil yield was developed. The yield of Zhongyouza No.8 was significantly higher than that of the control variety Zhongyou 821 with 9.82% and 10.64% increase in Hubei provincial and nationwide trials, respectively. The oil content and oil yield of Zhongyouza No.8 was the highest among all the lines in Hubei provincial trials, being 42.77% and 1 051.05 kg·