CA6140车床经济型数控改造设计.doc

摘 要 普通机床的经济型数控改造主要是在合理选择数控系统的前提下，然后再对普通车床进行适当的机械改造，改造的内容主要包括： (1) 床身的改造，为使改造后的机床有较好的精度保持性，除尽可能地减少电器和机械故障的同时，应充分考虑机床零部件的耐磨性，尤其是机床导轨。为此，本例中采用旧床身淬火并贴膜。 (2) 拖板的改造，拖板是数控系统直接控制的对象，所以对其改造尤显重要。这中间最突出一点就是选用滚珠丝杠代替滚动丝杠，提高了传动的灵敏性和降低功率步进电机力矩损失。 (3) 变速箱体的改造，由于采用数控系统控制，所以要对输入和输出轴以及减速齿轮进行设计，从而再对箱体进行改造。 (4) 刀架的改造，采用数控刀架，这样可以用数控系统直接控制，而且刀架体积小，重复定位精度高，安全可靠。 通过对机床的改造并根据要求选用步进电机作为驱动元件，这样改造后的机床就能基本满足现代化的加工要求。 关键字：普通车床 数控改造 步进电机 经济型数控系统  Abstract Economical NC transformation of general machine tools are mainly on the premise of the reasonable selection of NC system, and then to ordinary lathe mechanical transformation of appropriate, transformation of the content mainly includes: (1) the transformation, so that the machine has good precision retentivity, except as far as possible to reduce electrical and mechanical fault at the same time, should give full consideration to the wear resistance of the machine parts, especially the machine tool guide. Therefore, in this case using the old lathe bed quenching and film. (2) the transformation, the object is direct numerical control system, so the reform is particularly important. This is among the most prominent point is the selection of ball screw instead of rolling screw, improve the transmission of sensitivity and lower power stepping motor torque loss. (3) reconstruction of the gearbox, due to the numerical control system, so the input and output shaft and gear design, and then on the transformation. (4) the transformation of the turret, CNC turret, which can be directly controlled by CNC system, and the tool has the advantages of small volume, high repetitive positioning accuracy, safe and reliable. Through the transformation of the machine tool and according to the requirements of the stepping motor as driving device, so that after the transformation of the machine tool can meet the requirements of modern processing. Keywords: Transformation of NC lathe into economic step motor control system 目 录 1.前言……………………………………………………………………………