生防菌JK-2对尖孢镰刀菌抑制特性的研究（.docVIP

生防菌JK-2对尖孢镰刀菌抑制特性的研究( 葛慈斌，刘波*，蓝江林，黄素芳，朱育菁 （福建省农业科学院农业生物资源研究所，福建 福州，350003） 摘要：从福建省永泰、福清、闽侯等6个县（市）采集西瓜、蕃茄和豇豆等作物根际土壤，用平板稀释法，分离到芽孢杆菌58株。采用目标病原菌多重菌株平行测定法，测定这58个菌株对6株枯萎病尖孢镰刀菌的抑制作用，筛选得到拮抗菌株3株，其中菌株JK-2（短短芽孢杆菌Brevibacillus brevis）的抑菌效果特别显著。对JK-2的抑菌谱调查结果表明，该菌株对大丽轮枝菌（Verticillium dahliae）、黑白轮枝菌（Verticillium albo-atrum）、真菌轮枝霉（Verticillium fungicola）、胶孢炭疽菌（Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz.）、桃褐腐丛梗孢（Monilia laxa）和青枯雷尔氏菌（Ralstonia solanacearum）都具有较强的抑制作用。JK-2产生的抗菌物质对热的稳定性较强，对蛋白酶K不敏感；盆栽及田间小区试验结果表明，JK-2对西瓜枯萎病的防效分别可达83.60%和78.96%。 关键词：尖孢镰刀菌；拮抗菌；短短芽孢杆菌；防效 中图分类号：S435; S436; S476 文献标识码：A Study on the inhibition of biocontrol bacteria strain JK-2 against Fusarium oxysporum GE Ci-bin, LIU Bo*, Lan Jiang-lin, Huang Su-fang, ZHU Yu-jing, (Institute of Agrobiological Resources, FAAS, Fuzhou 350003，China) Abstract: Fifty-eight strains of Bacillus spp. were isolated from water melon, tomato and other plants rhizospheric soils, collected from Yongtai, Fuqing, Minhou and other 3 counties in Fujian Province. Using multiple target pathogens inhibiting test with 6 strains of Fusarium oxysporum Schl., three strains of biocontrol bacteria were screened to show high inhibition to F. oxysporum. Among these strains, one strain, named as Brevibacillus brevis JK-2, was the most effective. The strain JK-2 displayed a broad-spectrum antagonistic activity to pathogenic fungi and bacteria, including Verticillium dahliae, Verticillium albo-atrum, Verticillium fungicola, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Monilia laxa and Ralstonia solanacearum. The antimicrobial compounds produced by JK-2 had some stability to high temperature 100℃ and were not sensitive to proteinase K. Field experiment and pot culture indicated that JK-2 had a good control efficacy to watermelon wilt and was 83.60% and 78.96%, respectively. Key words: Fusarium oxysporum Schl.; Biocontrol bacterium; Brevibacillus brevis; Control efficacy 尖孢镰刀菌（Fusarium oxysporum Schl.）是一种寄主范围广泛的土传性病原真菌，可引起西瓜、蕃茄、香蕉等100多种植物