金属纳米颗粒的热导率.pdfVIP

中国工程热物理学会 传热传质学 学术会议论文 编号：123210 金属纳米颗粒的热导率 1 1* 1 1 2 黄丛亮 ，冯妍卉 ，张欣欣 ，李静 ，王戈 1. 100083 （ 北京科技大学机械工程学院，北京， ； 2. 北京科技大学材料学院，北京，100083） 摘 要: 本文使用统计模拟方法对金属纳米颗粒的电子平均自由程进行了计算，并考察了纳 米颗粒的晶格比热和声子平均群速度，最后应用动力学理论对纳米颗粒的电子热导率和声子 热导率分别进行了求解。研究结果表明：具有相同特征尺寸的方形、球形纳米颗粒的无量纲 电子（或声子）平均自由程比较接近。金属纳米颗粒的电子热导率远大于声子热导率；电子、 声子热导率随着直径减小呈现降低趋势，而电子热导率的颗粒尺度依赖性比声子热导率更为 明显；随着颗粒直径进一步减小，声子热导率与电子热导率趋于同一数量级。当纳米颗粒特 征尺寸大于4倍块材电子（或声子）平均自由程，其电子（或声子）热导率的颗粒尺度依赖 性将减弱。 关键词: 纳米颗粒；热导率；电子平均自由程；尺度效应 Abstract: Concerning metallic nanoparticles, a statistical simulation method was performed to predict the electron mean free path of a nanoparticle. And the phonon-contributed specific heat and phonon group velocity were also analyzed. Then, the kinetic theory was applied to obtain the electron thermal conductivity and the lattice thermal conductivity of the nanoparticles, respectively. The size dependence of these properties was further discussed. It turns out that the electron mean free path of a square nanoparticle approximates to that of a circle nanoparticle if nanoparticles are of the same characteristic length. The electron thermal conductivity is much higher than the lattice thermal conductivity at nanoscale. Either electron or lattice thermal conductivity of nanoparticles declines with the decreasing diameter, while the size dependence of electron thermal conductivity is more obvious. However, if the diameter decreases to a quite small size, it seems that the electron thermal conductivity will become as low as the lattice thermal conductivity. In addition, the electron/lattice therm