被子植物DNA去甲基化酶基因的进化分析.pdfVIP

Hereditas (Beijing) 2014 3 , 36(3): 276―285 研究报告 被子植物DNA去甲基化酶基因的进化分析 , , , 310058 DNA 甲基化模式和水平取决于DNA 甲基转移酶和去甲基化酶的作用, 而DNA 去甲基化酶在DNA 主动 去甲基化过程中起到关键作用。文章以已知的 10 个 DNA 去甲基化酶基因为参照, 鉴定出两种单子叶植物(水 稻和高粱) 、两种双子叶植物(拟南芥和毛果杨) 中所有的DNA 去甲基化酶同源基因, 其中新鉴定出两类DNA 去 甲基化酶类似基因DML4 和DML5 。基于保守的糖苷酶结构域序列的系统进化分析以及基因在染色体上的位置 分析表明, 植物中 DNA 去甲基化酶基因存在串联复制、染色体区段复制和全基因组复制而导致基因的新功能 化和亚功能化。文章还进一步分析了DNA 去甲基化酶基因在不同组织中的表达情况, 旨在理解DNA 去甲基化 酶基因的功能与进化的关系, 以期为DNA 去甲基化酶基因在植物中的利用提供参考。 DNA 去甲基化酶; 糖苷酶结构域; 进化; 基因复制与丢失; 基因表达 Phylogenetic analysis of DNA demethylase genes in angiosperm Qiuxiang Liu, Qingzhong Xue, Jianhong Xu College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China Abstract: The DNA methylation patterns and levels are depended on the function of DNA methyltransferase and DNA demethylase, and DNA demethylase plays a critical role in active DNA demethylation. In this paper, all homologous DNA demethylase gene copies were identified in monocots (O. sativa and S. bicolor) and dicotyledon (A.thaliana and P. trichocarpa) based on ten known DNA demethylase genes from rice and Arabidopsis . Two types of new DNA demethy- lase−like genes (DML4 and DML5) were identified. Tandem duplication, segmental duplication and whole genome duplica- tion exist in DNA demethylase gene family in plants, which result in neofunctionalization and subfunctionalization upon the phylogeny of conserved glycosylase domains and chromosomal locations of genes. Furthermore, the expression of DNA demethylase genes was investigated in different tissues. This study will facilitate our understanding of the relationship be- tween function and evolution of DNA demethylase, and ut