高中英语必修一、二单元知识点总结.docVIP

必修一 Unit 1 直接引语与间接引语（Ⅰ） 定义： 直接引语：直接引述别人的原话 间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话 直接引语变间接引语时要注意一下一个方面 间接引语的引导词的使用规则 句子类型 引导词 陈述句 that (口语中常省略) 一般疑问句 if /whether 特殊疑问句 保留原有的疑问词 陈述语序的使用 陈述句：变间接引语时语序不变 一般疑问句：变间接引语时应首先在主句的谓语动词后加if/whether.再把语序变陈述语序 特殊疑问句：仍保持原有的疑问词，但语序变成陈述语序 eg. He asked ,”Are you going home this weekend?” →He asked if/whether I was going home this weekend. “What do you want,Sara?” Mr Li asked. →Mr Li asked Sara what she wanted. 某些成分的变化与不变 (1).直接引语转化为间接引语时从句要注意5个方面的变化： ①标点符号的变化 ②转述动词的变化 直接引语 间接引语 say/said(陈述句) say/said或tell/told say/said(疑问句) ask/asked ③人称的变化：人称代词的变化遵循一下口诀 “一主二宾三不变” 及：直接引语中主语为第一人称则变为间接引语时人称按主语的人称变化；直接引语中主语为第二人称则变为间接引语时，人称与主句的宾语一致；若间接引语中主语为第三人称则变成间接引语时人称一般不需要变化。 ④时态的变化 一般现在时→一般过去时 现在进行时→过去进行时 现在完成时→过去完成时 一般过去时→过去完成时 过去完成时不变 一般将来时→过去将来时 ⑤指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化 this→that these→those now→then ago→before/earlier today→that day yesterday→the day before tomorrow→the next/following day the day after tomorrow→in two days’ time come→go here→there the day before yesterday→two days before/earlier eg. He said ,”There books are mine.” → He said those books were his. (2)直接引语转化为间接引语时态五不变 ①直接引语为客观真理、永恒不变的事实、谚语或名人名言时 eg .”The earth moves around the sun ,” the teacher told me. → The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun. Miss Guo said,”Where there is a sill,there is a way .“ → Miss Guo said Where there is a sill,there is a way . ②直接引语中有具体变过去的时间状语 eg .Xiao Lin said ,”I was born on July 29,1992.” →Xiao Lin said she was born on July 19,1992. ③习惯性动作或说话时仍然存在的情况 eg .The boy said to us ,” I usually go to bed at ten every day .” →The boy told us he usually go to bed at ten every day. ④当直接引语表示的客观时刻表时 eg .Tom said,” The plane takes off at 6:30 a.m.” →Tom said the plane takes off at 6:30 a.m. ⑤谓语中含有would,should,might,must,used to,had,hetter等 eg .Tony said ,”You should get up early.” →Tony said we should get uo early. Unit 2 直接引语和间接引语（Ⅱ） 一.直接引语为祈使句，变成间接引语时，常构成简单句型，可以按下列结构进行变化 1.当祈使句表示要求和命令时，变间接引语常采用tell/command/order sb to do sth的形式 eg .”Hurry up .“H