【化学工程与工艺专业】【毕业设计+开题报告+文献综述】两性Gemini表面活性剂的合成.docVIP

（20 届） 毕业设计 两性Gemini表面活性剂的合成 摘要：本文采用三步法制备了一种新型Gemini表面活性剂。首先以AEO3，氯化亚砜，吡啶为原料，制备氯代醇醚。然后氯代醇醚与2- 羟乙基乙二胺在碱性条件下反应并分离提纯得到了中间体。最后，将中间体与氯乙基磺酸钠作用得到最终产品。探索了氯代醇醚的合成与分离条件。氯代醇醚合成实验的较佳条件为：AEO3／氯化亚砜／吡啶 (摩尔比)为1∶1.8∶1.8；温度：70℃；时间：10h；氯代醇醚收率为55%。中间产品合成的较佳条件为：2-羟乙基乙二胺／氯代醇醚／氢氧化钠（摩尔比）为1∶2.05∶10；温度：回流温度；时间：30h；产品收率为65%。对最后产品的反应条件进行了探索。分离提纯后的氯代醇醚、中间体和产物分别用红外光谱进行了表征。此外，中间体也用H’NMR进行了表征。 关键词：两性表面活性剂；合成；红外 Abstract：One new kind of gemini surfactant was synthesized by a three-step method in this paper. At first, AEO3 and thionyl chloride were used as raw materials to prapare one chlorinated ether in pyridine. Secondly, the chlorinated ether reacted with 2 - hydroxyethyl ethylenediamine in alkaline-ethyl alcohol media to get a Intermediate. Finally, the Intermediate acted on 2-Chloroethanesulfonic acid sodium salt aqueous solution to obtain the final product. The better synthesis process conditions for the chlorinated ether was as that: AEO3 / thionyl chloride / pyridine (molar ratio): 1:1.8:1.8; temperature: 70 ℃; time 10h; and the chlorinated ether yield 55%. The better experiment conditions for the Intermediate were as that: 2- hydroxyethyl ethylenediamine / chlorinated ether / sodium hydroxide (molar ratio) 1:2.05:10, refluxing for 30 hours, the product yield 65 %. Reaction conditions for the final product were explored also. All the chlorinated ether, intermediate and final products were all characterized by infrared spectroscopy after purified respectively. Meanwhile, intermediate was proved by H’NMR also. .Keywords: Amphoteric Surfactant; Synthesis; IR 目录 摘要 I Abstract： II 目录 III 1 绪论 1 1.1 双子表面活性剂的相关概念 1 1.2 gemini 表面活性剂较传统表面活性剂所具有的优缺点 1 1.3 gemini表面活性剂的分类 2 1.4 国内外两性gemini表面活性剂的合成研究现状 2 1.5 主要应用情况 4 1.6 选题意义 4 2 实验部分 5 2.1 药品与仪器 5 2.1.1 药品 5 2.1.2 仪器 5 2.2 反应原理 6 2.3 合成实验 7 2.3.1 氯代醇醚的合成与分离 7 2.3.2 中间产物的合成与分离 8 2.3.3 最后产品的合成与分离 8 3 结果与分析 9 3.1 合成条件分析 9 3.1.1 氯代醇醚的合成条件选择 9 3.1.2 中间产物的合成条件选择 9 3.1.3 最后产物的合成条件选择 10 3.2 表征 10 4 结论 18 致谢 19 参考文献 20 1 绪论 1.1双子(ge