水孔蛋白在细胞延长、盐胁迫和光合作用中的作用.docVIP

水孔蛋白在细胞延长、盐胁迫和光合作用中的作用 杨淑慎, 崔丽荣 西北农林科技大学生命科学学院, 杨凌 712100 摘 要: 水孔蛋白属于一个高度保守的、能够进行跨生物膜水分运输的通道蛋白MIP家族。水孔蛋白作为膜水通道, 在控制细胞和组织的水含量中扮演重要角色。本研究的重点是属于PIP亚家族的GhPIP1;2和属于TIP亚家族的?TIP1在植物细胞延长中的作用。使用特异基因探针的Northern杂交和实时荧光PCR技术证明GhPIP1;2和Gh?TIP1主要在棉花纤维延长过程中显著表达, 且最高表达量在开花后5 d。在细胞延长过程中, GhPIP1;2和Gh?TIP1表达显著, 表明它们在促使水流迅速进入液泡这一过程中扮演重要角色。而且也研究了盐胁迫植物中钙离子对水孔蛋白的影响。分别或一起用NaCl或CaCl2处理原生质体或细胞质膜。结果发现在盐胁迫条件下, 水渗透率值在原生质体和质膜颗粒中都下降了, 同时PIP1水孔蛋白的含量也下降了, 表明NaCl对水孔蛋白的功能和含量有抑制作用。同时也观察了Ca2+的两种不同的作用。感知胁迫的胞质中游离钙离子浓度的增加可能导致水孔蛋白的关闭。而过剩的钙离子将导致水孔蛋白的上游调控。同时实验已经证明大麦的一类水孔蛋白-HvPIP2;1有更高的水和CO2转移率。本研究的目标是确定负责转运水和CO2的关键水孔蛋白的类型, 并且提高植物对水的利用率、抵抗胁迫的能力, 促进CO2的摄取及吸收、提高植物的产量。 关键词: 水孔蛋白, 细胞延长, 盐胁迫, 光合作用 The action of aquaporins in cell elongation, salt stress andphotosynthesis Shushen Yang, and Lirong Cui Chinese Northwest A F University College of Life Science, Yangling 712100, China Abstract: Aquaporin belongs to a highly conserved group of membrane proteins called major intrinsic proteins (MIPs) that facilitate water transport across biological membranes. Aquaporins are membrane water channels that play critical roles in controlling the water content of cells and tissues. We focused on GhPIP1;2 which belongs to the PIP subfamily and Gh?TIP1 which belongs to the ?TIP group of the TIP subfamily. Northern blot analysis with gene-specific probes and real-time PCR demonstrated that GhPIP1;2 and Gh?TIP1 are predominantly expressed during cotton fiber elongation, with the highest expression levels at 5 days post anthesis. The high and preferential expression of GhPIP1;2 and Gh?TIP1 suggests that they may play important roles in supporting the rapid influx of water into vacuoles during cotton fiber cell expansion. Also, the effects of Ca2+ on aquaporins in salinity-stressed plants were studied. Researchers treated the protoplasts and plasma membrane with NaCl or CaCl2, alone or in combination. Under saline conditions, osmotic water permeability (Pf) values decr