纳米银粒子的制备及其应用毕业论文.docVIP

湖南化工职业技术学院 毕??业??论??文 题 目: 纳米银粒子的制备及其应用 院系名称: 制药与生物工程系 专业班级: 工业分析与检验 学生姓名: 　　　　曹丹　　 学 号: 　 201012050121 指导老师: 肖洁 2014年 5 月 26 摘 要 纳米银具有体积效应、表面效应、量子尺寸效应以及宏观量子隧道效应,在光学、电子学、热学以及生物医药材料表现有特殊的性质,还具有磁性和优良的抗菌性能。在工业催化材料、电子元器件、防静电材料、低温超导材料抗菌材料、分子诊断以及基因疗法等领域有着广阔的应用前景。尤其是作为催化剂,表现有较好的催化活性和反应选择性。 传统纳米银的制备方法有物理法和化学法。物理法制备纳米银粒子,所用设备昂贵制备成本高,生产费用昂贵,且条件不易控制。化学法制备纳米银粒子操作简单,容易控制,但是所用试剂容易对环境造成污染。生物还原法是新兴的制备手法,是釆用生物材料或生物体系天然合成纳米微粒,该法条件简单、容易控制、成本低、不污染环境,越来越受到研究学者的青睐,成为近几年的研究热点。 关键词：纳米银粒子；制备；电化学 Abstract Nano silver has special properties due to its volume effect, surface　effect, quantum size effect and macroscopic quantum tunneling effect,　also it has a magnetic and excellent antibacterial properties in optics,　electronics, thermal performance and biomedical materials. A broad of　applications include industrial catalysis materials, electronic components,　antibacterial materials, anti-static materials, low temperature　superconducting materials, molecular diagnosis and gene therapy, and　other fields especially as the catalyst with good catalytic activity and　selectivity. Silver nanoparticles have been mainly prepared by two methods:　physical method and chemical method. Physical method has significant　disadvantages including high expense of equipment, high production cost　and hardly controllable condition. Chemistry method has sadvantages　including simple operation and easy for control, but all the reagents used　would cause environment pollution. Biological reduction method is a new　preparation technique, it uses biological materials or biological system to　naturally synthetize nanoparticles. Scholars are getting more and more　interested in this technique and it has become worldwide research focus　in recent years because of it contains several advantages as simple, easy　to control, low cost and no environmental pollution. 　　 Key words: nano sil