长臂式采煤用的采煤机的外文翻译.docVIP

附录一（英文） I.SHEARER LOADERS FOR LONGWALL MINING In Europe， longwall mining is comprehensively mechanized by the almost exclusive use of shearer loaders and ploughs. In the Federal Republic of Germany ploughing has been applied to a greater extent than in other coutries .In spite of this ，the proportion of coal extracted by shearer loaders is steadily increasing .It accounted for 36 percent of the total national output in October 1977. There are a number of convincing reasons why shearer loaders are gaining ground. Their operation is essentionly more independent of the floor and roof conditions ，dirt bands and changing seam conditions than that of ploughs. Optimum adaptation of the cutting height，the fixed cutting depth， and better roof control are further arguments in favour of shearer loaders. In October 1976 the effective working time on a plough face was in the range of 35 percent ，compared with 48 percent on a shearer face. The average outputs reflect the aboxe figures (FRG October 1977—1130 t from a plough face ，1678 t from a shearer face).It should be noticed ， however， that shearer loaders are generally operating in seams of greater thickness. Shearer loaders are now available for seams ranging from 0.75 m to 4.50 m in thickness. The various machine versions for the respective operating conditions encountered are assembled from a great number of major components in accordance with the unit principle of construction. Eickhoff shearer loaders， for instance， can be equipped with longitudinal motors having ratings of 170，200，and 300 kw ，and 450 kw at present and 230 kw units will be available soon. The shearers travel on or alongside the conveyor . Ranging arms of different length from 740 mm to 2230 mm are available .The shearers can be manufactured to operate on various voltages and frequencies generally used ，with various haulage methods and speeds， and different drum speeds and drum design for various machine heights. Contrary to former years the manufac