与名师对话2015届高三英语总复习语法专题考点探究+变式应用定语从句讲练课件.pptVIP

考点一　关系代词that与which 的用法区别 1．关系代词指代物，而引导词只用which 不用that 的情况。 (1)关系代词指物，作介词宾语的时候。 [考题印证]　China has 56 nationalities，each of ______ has its own characteristics，forming the various and colorful Chinese culture. 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　 A．them B．what C．that D．which [解析]　句意：中国有56个民族，每个民族都有自己的特点，它们形成了丰富多彩的中国文化。根据句意可知此处应用which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为nationalities。 [答案]　D (2)关系代词指前面的整个句子，引导非限制性定语从句时。 [考题印证]　He returned home safe and sound after a fierce battle，__________ was unexpected. A．which B．as C．that D．it [解析]　分析句子结构可知，which在句中引导非限制性定语从句，修饰逗号前面整句话的内容。 [答案]　A 2．that 和which 都指物时，在下列四种情况下一般用that 而不用which。 (1)当先行词是all，everything，something，nothing，anything，much，little，few 等不定代词时。 (2)当先行词被序数词和形容词最高级修饰时。 (3)当先行词被the very，the only，just 等修饰时。 [考题印证]　(2013·南京四校调研)In spite of all__________has been said，quite a lot of people are still uncertain about the prices of housing in China. A．what B．/ C．which D．that [解析]　考查定语从句。先行词为不定代词all，且在定语从句中作主语，所以用that 引导定语从句，且不能省略。 [答案]　D (4)当人和物同时作先行词时。 [考题印证]　They talked for about an hour of things and people __________ they remembered in the school. A．which B．that C．who D．whom [解析]　考查定语从句。分析句子成分可知，定语从句中缺少宾语，而先行词是things and people，既有人又有物，根据语法规则，此处应用关系代词that而不能用which或whom。 [答案]　B (5)当主句的主语是疑问词who 或which时。 考点二　whose和of whom，of which引导的定语从句 whose是一个表示所属关系的词，在定语从句中作定语，相当于my，his，her，its，their等，修饰人或物。of which可以代替whose指物，词序一般是：the＋名词＋of which或of which＋the＋名词。of whom可以代替whose指人，词序是：the＋名词＋of whom。 This is the scientist whose name is known all over the country.＝This is the scientist the name of whom is known all over the country.这就是那位全国知名的科学家。 [考题印证]　(1)We live in the room，__________ window faces the north. (2)We live in the room，__________ the window faces the north. (3)We live in the room，__________ faces the north. A．which B．whose C．of which D．the window of which [解析]　题(1)中的window前缺少限定词，用whose作定语，故选B。题(2)中的window前已有限定词the，又因为the window与先行词room之间为所属关系，所以用of which，故选C。题(3)中的从句缺少主语，排除B项和C项，此处表示“房间的窗户”，所以用the window of which＝whos