基于MATLAB实现对语音信号的频谱分析毕业论文.docVIP

毕 业 设 计（论 文） 基于MATLAB实现对语音信号的频谱分析 学生姓名： 张彦利 学 号： 所在系部： 信息工程学院 专业班级： 指导教师： 日 期： 二○一贰年五月  基于MATLAB实现对语音信号的频谱分析 摘 要 MATLAB是一个数据分析和处理功能十分强大的工程实用软件，运用它来进行信号的分析和处理相当便捷。 本文介绍了在Matlab环境中如何采集语音信号和语音信号采集后的频谱分析处理，并通过实例分析了语音信号处理的Matlab。 并以理想正弦分布的纹理图像的 Matlab仿真和正弦纹理图像的频谱特征分析为例，叙述了基于傅立叶能量谱的纹理图像分析的基本原理和基本过程。编写了程序，获得了具有理想正弦分布的空域纹理图像，并对其频谱特征进行了分析。 并且根据离散傅里叶变换DFT的定义，推导出一种用 DFT计算离散信号幅值谱的方法，通过 MATLAB 仿真验证了该方法的有效性。 关键词：MATLAB；频谱分析；傅里叶变换；语音信号；信号分析  Analysis of Signal Spectrum Based on MATLAB Abstract MATLAB is very powerful and practical engineering software which is used in data analysis and processing fraction,and use it to analysis and process voice signal,which is very convenient. This paper describes the Matlab enviironment,how to collect and process speech signal,and through example analysis of the speech signal processing in Matlab. Then take the Matlab simulation of ideal sinusoid texture image and analysis of its spectrum characteristics for example; basic principles and process of analyzing the texture image based on Fourier energy spectrum were described. The program was written for obtaining spatial domain texture image with ideal sinusoid distribution. And its spectrum characteristics were analyzed. Moreover, according to the definition of DFT, a calculation method of amplitude spectrum for periodic signal is derived in this paper. Through simulation of amplitude spectrum calculation in MATLAB, the efficiency of the method is validated to satisfy the need for project. In the end, the problems of spectrum leakage and picket fence effect are explained and the corresponding solution is proposed. Keywords: MATLAB; Spectrum Analysis;FFT; Speech signal; signal analysis 目 录 1. 绪论 1 1.1 课题背景 1 1.2 研究意义 1 1.3 本文研究内容 1 2. 频谱分析及MATLAB简介 2 2.1 频谱分析技术 2 2.1.1 时域抽样定理[7] 2 2.1.2 离散傅立叶变换（DFT）[8] 2 2.1.3 快速傅立叶变换（FFT）[9] 3 2.1.4 频谱分析原理[10] 3 2.2 MATLAB简介 4 2.2.1 MATLAB软件的发展 4 2.2.2 MATLAB组成 5 2.3 本章小结 5 3. 程序与算例 6 3.1 声音信号频谱分析 6 3.2 图像信号频谱分析 7 3.3 离散信号/序列 9 3.4 本章小结 11 结