分析理论的.pptVIP

Chapter 6 Managing Performance Improvement (p179-187) Factors that Affect Job Performance Ability Knowledge Includes facts and procedures Knowledge and proficiency in a specific field Skills Competency in performing a task Interpersonal skill, computer skill and etc. Others Willingness to perform to job Perception The process that enables us to interpret and understand our surroundings We don’t see reality. We interpret what we see and call it reality Perceptual Errors Selective Perception People selectively interpret what they see based on their interests, background, experience, and attitudes. Halo Effect Drawing a general impression about an individual based on a single characteristic. Contrast Effects A person’s evaluation is affected by comparisons with other individuals recently encountered. Perceptual Errors Projection Attributing one’s own characteristics to other people. Stereotyping Judging someone on the basis of your perception of the group to which that person belongs. Prejudice An unfounded dislike of a person or group based on their belonging to a particular stereotyped group. Positive or negative feelings concerning objects, people, or events. Job Satisfaction: is the extent to which you feel positively or negatively about various aspects of your job. Work Related Attitudes What Is Change? Organisational Change Any alterations in the people, structure, or technology of an organisation Characteristics of Change Is constant yet varies in degree and direction Produces uncertainty yet is not completely unpredictable Creates both threats and opportunities Individual Reponses to Change May respond in various way Denial Anger Bargaining Depression Acceptance Managing Resistance to Change Why People Resist Change The ambiguity and uncertainty that change introduces The comfort of old habits A concern over personal loss of status, money, authority, friendships, and personal convenience The perception that change is incompatible with the norms an