医用恒温箱温度控制系统_监控软件设计.docVIP

摘要 温度是影响医学检测结果的一个重要因素，过高或者过低的温度都会导致最后检测结果的不准确，因此高精度的温度控制在医学监测中具有重要意义。目前，在温度控制实现过程中，大量采用的仍然是传统的PID控制算法。 　 在本设计中，恒温系统是基于单片机TA89C52和PID控制理论而设计的，应用了单总线温度传感器进行温度采集，实现了数字化温度控制。本次设计所采用的传感器为单总线温度采集器件DS18B20，可直接将温度转化成串行数字信号供微机处理，节省了将模拟量转换成数字量的工作。本次设计的内容包括计算机线路板辅助设计、单总线温度转换电路设计、控温算法设计、人机接口电路设计。硬件系统以AT89S52单片机为控制核心，使用的主要器件有HD7279用于实现键盘显示功能，X5045用于实现内存外扩，DS18B20用于实现温度采集，三极管9012和固态继电器用于实现温控功能。在系统里，通过温度传感器DS18B20检测温度并通过变送单元传到单片机，运用PID控制算法，实现对采样温度的控制，根据偏差信号的大小驱动三极管9012，通过改变三极管9012截止与导通，控制加热设备，从而达到温度控制的目的。软件主要包括：主程序，中断处理子程序，数据采集子程序，数据处理子程序等。 关键词：单片机；恒温；PID控制 Abstract Temperature is all important factors in medical medicinal inspection, if the temperature is too high or too low, the final result is seriously affected. Therefore, it is necessary to reach some desired temperature points quickly and exactly in medical inspection. Presently, the control theory which mostly used in temperature control is classical PID control theory. In this design, the constant temperature system is based on the single-chip TA89C52 and PID control theory and design, application of the single-bus temperature sensor for temperature acquisition, the realization of the digital temperature control. The design used for the single-bus temperature sensor device acquisition DS18B20, the temperature can be directly converted into serial digital signals for computer processing; simulation of the volume of savings will be converted into digital work. The design includes a computer-aided design circuit boards, single-bus temperature conversion circuit design, temperature control algorithm design, and human-computer interface design. The hardware is centered by an AT89C52 microcomputer，The main devices are used to achieve HD7279 keyboard display, X5045 to achieve outside the extended memory, DS18B20 the temperature for the realization of the collection, 9012 triode and solid-state relays to achieve the temperature control function. In the system through the temperature sensor detecting temperature DS18B20 and spread