幼儿园美术活动中绘画教学形式对幼儿绘画表现的影响.pdfVIP

摘要 随着《3—6 岁儿童学习与发展指南》中幼儿园美术教学改革的进一步推进， 传统以范画临摹为主的教学方式受到了挑战，幼儿园教师对于如何评价幼儿的美 术作品以及如何开展美术集体教学活动表现出了极大的困惑。本文从幼儿园美术 教学活动中常用的三种绘画形式——范画临摹画、写生画、叙事画入手，采用自 然实验法与作品分析法，通过从内容与技能两方面分析不同绘画形式下幼儿的绘 画作品，揭示幼儿绘画表现的特点以及笵画临摹对幼儿绘画表现的具体影响，以 期教师能够正确认识儿童画并科学开展美术集体教学活动。研究结果如下： 一、幼儿绘画表现的特点 图形感知（范画临摹）的情况下，幼儿表现出的形象特征最完整；幼儿对图 形的感知与对图形的复制之间存在落差；幼儿对客体特征充分认知的情况下，其 表现出的形象特征未必完整；幼儿的表达需要影响绘画中形象特征的概括性；幼 儿绘画技能的发展具有自然成熟的趋势；幼儿有能力用绘画语言表现自己的认识 与情感。 二、范画临摹对幼儿绘画表现的影响 范画制约幼儿绘画表现的叙事性；模式化的表征手法束缚了幼儿绘画表现的 多样性；幼儿无法用绘画语言解决范画与自我认知间的冲突；幼儿对范画记忆深 刻；幼儿无法将范画临摹中的绘画技能进行迁移。 关键词：幼儿园美术活动；范画临摹画；写生画；叙事画；绘画表现 I Abstract With the reform of art education in kindergarten in the learning and development guidelines of children 3 to 6 years old , the traditional teaching form is beginning to be challenged. Kindergarten teachers show great confusion on how to evaluate children’s art works, and how to carry out art collective teaching activities . This article based on three common drawing forms in kindergarten –copy from the model drawing, life drawing and narrative drawing. We used the natural experiment method and work analysis method to analysis the works under each form to reveal that the characteristics of children’s art drawing and the impact of copying from model drawing. We aimed at that it could inspire teacher to understand the children’s drawing correctly and then carry out the art collective teaching in kindergarten befittingly. Here is the conclusion: First, the characteristic of children’s drawing: Children can draw an image fully only in the form of copying from graphics. There exist a gap between the perception of a graphics and the performance of the graphics. Even children have a g